tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-13368363120353737022024-03-08T23:04:12.832-08:00www.jpindia.comdotnet new conceptsAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.comBlogger56125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-68311667388522697152015-04-29T05:14:00.003-07:002015-04-29T05:41:01.043-07:00SharePoint 2013 Concepts<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Backup and Restore<br />
BCS<br />
CAML and LINQ<br />
Content Management<br />
Content Type<br />
Downloads<br />
Errors<br />
Event Receivers<br />
Installation<br />
Interview Questions<br />
JavaScript and jQuery<br />
List and Library<br />
Master Page and Page Layout<br />
Mobile apps<br />
New Features<br />
PowerShell<br />
Product Reviews<br />
SharePoint 2013<br />
SharePoint 2013 Apps<br />
SharePoint 2013 InfoPath<br />
SharePoint 2013 object model<br />
SharePoint 2013 Security<br />
SharePoint Customization<br />
SharePoint Designer 2013<br />
SharePoint Online<br />
SharePoint Search<br />
Site Collections<br />
Site Templates and Site Definition<br />
Video Tutorials<br />
Visual Studio 2012<br />
Web Part<br />
Workflow<br />
Active Directory</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-3018938839758152962014-11-26T04:59:00.002-08:002014-11-26T04:59:36.512-08:00How to add items of array to combobox using c#?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<ol class="snippet-num" style="color: #5c5c5c; font-family: Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 4em; white-space: pre-wrap;">
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"><span class="sh_usertype">ArrayList</span><span class="sh_normal"> </span>sampleArray <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">new</span> <span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">ArrayList</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;">sampleArray<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Add</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"India"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;">sampleArray<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Add</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"China"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;">sampleArray<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Add</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"USA"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;">sampleArray<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Add</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"UK"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;">sampleArray<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Add</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"Japan"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;">comboBox1<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>DataSource <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> sampleArray<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-84422739060642242512014-11-26T04:32:00.002-08:002014-11-26T04:59:50.505-08:00How to get data from db and store in array list and diplay it using foreach loop<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<ol class="snippet-num" style="color: #5c5c5c; font-family: Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 4em; white-space: pre-wrap;">
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_usertype">SqlConnection</span><span class="sh_normal"> </span>con <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">new</span> <span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">SqlConnection</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"Data Source=XXXXX;Initial Catalog=XXXXX;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=XXXXX;Password=XXXXX"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_usertype">SqlCommand</span><span class="sh_normal"> </span>cmd <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">new</span> <span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">SqlCommand</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> cmd<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>CommandText <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"Select * from Employee"</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> cmd<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>Connection <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> con<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">try</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">{</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> con<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Open</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_usertype">SqlDataReader</span><span class="sh_normal"> </span>dr <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> cmd<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">ExecuteReader</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_usertype">ArrayList</span><span class="sh_normal"> </span>Al <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">new</span> <span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">ArrayList</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">if</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span>dr<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>HasRows<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">)</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">{</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">while</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span>dr<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Read</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">())</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">{</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> Al<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Add</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span>dr<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">GetInt32</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">0</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">)</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> <span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">" , "</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> dr<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">GetString</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">1</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">)</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> <span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">","</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> dr<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">GetDateTime</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">2</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">)</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> <span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">","</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> dr<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">GetString</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">3</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">));</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">}</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">}</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> dataGridView1<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>DataSource <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> Al<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">}</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">finally</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">{</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> con<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Close</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">}</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-44071139119347651472014-11-26T03:52:00.001-08:002014-11-26T05:00:00.857-08:00How to finding duplicate elements in array <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<ol class="snippet-num" style="color: #5c5c5c; font-family: Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Courier New', monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: 21.6000003814697px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 4em; white-space: pre-wrap;">
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_usertype">var</span><span class="sh_normal"> </span>counts <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">new</span> Dictionary<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;"><</span><span class="sh_type" style="color: #8080c0; font-weight: bold;">int</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_type" style="color: #8080c0; font-weight: bold;">int</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">>();</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_type" style="color: #8080c0; font-weight: bold;">int</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">[]</span> array <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">{</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">10</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">5</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">10</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">2</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">2</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">3</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">4</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">5</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">5</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">6</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">7</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">8</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">9</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">11</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">12</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">,</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">12</span> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">}</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">for</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_type" style="color: #8080c0; font-weight: bold;">int</span> i <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">0</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span> i <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;"><</span> array<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>Length<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span> i<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">++)</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">{</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_type" style="color: #8080c0; font-weight: bold;">int</span> currentVal <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> array<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">[</span>i<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">];</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">if</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span>counts<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">ContainsKey</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span>currentVal<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">))</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> counts<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">[</span>currentVal<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">]++;</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">else</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> counts<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">[</span>currentVal<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">]</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">=</span> <span class="sh_number" style="color: purple; font-weight: bold;">1</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">;</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_cbracket" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">}</span></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">foreach</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span>var kvp <span class="sh_keyword" style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold;">in</span> counts<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">)</span></li>
<li style="background-color: white; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"></li>
<li style="background-color: #f8f8f8; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 3px; list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside none; padding-left: 1.5em;"> MessageBox<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span><span class="sh_function" style="color: #004466;">Show</span><span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">(</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">"</span><span class="sh_specialchar" style="color: magenta; font-weight: bold;">\t\n</span><span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;"> "</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> kvp<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>Key <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> <span class="sh_string" style="color: #a68500;">" occurs "</span> <span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">+</span> kvp<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">.</span>Value<span class="sh_symbol" style="color: #ff0080; font-weight: bold;">);</span></li>
</ol>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-60199733823259506172014-11-14T06:54:00.002-08:002014-11-14T06:54:06.217-08:00Visual Studio 2015 Preview<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Top feature highlights of Visual Studio 2015 Preview include:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ability to create
ASP.NET 5 websites that can run on multiple platforms, including Windows, Mac,
and Linux<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Integrated support
for building apps that run across Android, iOS, and Windows devices with
integration of Visual Studio Tools for Apache Cordova (including new iOS
debugging and seamless integration with TypeScript) as well as new Visual C++
tools for cross-platform library development<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connected Services
manager that lets developers discover and consume REST APIs in their
applications, including support for Azure Mobile Services, Azure Store, Office
365, and Salesforce<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Smart Unit Tests
(based on the PEX technology developed by Microsoft Research) that analyze code
and automatically generate unit tests to describe its behavior<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">New coding
productivity capabilities, particularly for C# and VB, built-in integration of
the new “Roslyn” .NET compiler platform<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">New language
features in C# 6 to reduce boilerplate and clutter in everyday code, and new
light bulbs in the editor that bring proactive refactoring and code fixing
opportunities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for
breakpoint configuration and PerfTips, both available directly in context in
the editor<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Edit and debug a
single set of C++ source code and build it for Android, iOS, and Windows;
integrated support for the Clang complier and LLVM optimizer for targeting
Android now and iOS “soon”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 6.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #231f20; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">More complete C++
11 and C++ 14 support, as well as dozens of additional productivity features
for C++ developers, including new refactorings, improved “Find in Files,” a
Memory Diagnostics tool, and improved incremental builds</span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-57801879662897586582014-11-05T05:22:00.003-08:002014-11-05T05:22:34.884-08:00What is Caching<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It’s nothing but a thought kind of memory. In respect to
asp.net it's the memory of the machine/server from where the source-code is
running. It is the one way which allows storing complex data for reusability.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Now think criteria where clients access an ASP.NET page, there are basically
two ways to provide them with the information they need: <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
· The ASP.NET page can either obtain information from server resources, such as
from data that has been persisted to a database, or<br />
· the ASP.NET page can obtain information from within the application.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Retrieving information from a resource outside the application will require
more processing steps, and will therefore require more time and resources on
the server than if the information can be obtained from within the application
space.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Now, suppose the information's which sent to browsers have already been
prepared then how faster the process of web-page.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
The ASP.NET 3.5 Framework supports the following types of caching:<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Page Output Caching: </b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Page Output Caching caches an entire page. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /><b>
Partial Page Caching: </b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Partial Page Caching enables you to get around this problem
by enabling you to cache only particular regions of a page.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /><b>
DataSource Caching:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
You use DataSource Caching with the different ASP.NET DataSource controls such
as the SqlDataSource and ObjectDataSource controls. When you enable caching
with a DataSource control, the DataSource control caches the data that it
represents.<br />
<br /><b>
Data Caching:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Finally, Data Caching is the fundamental caching mechanism. Behind the scenes,
all the other types of caching use Data Caching. You can use Data Caching to
cache arbitrary objects in memory. For example, you can use Data Caching to
cache a Dataset across multiple pages in a web application.<br />
<br />
Note:<br />
The Cache object can also have an expiration which would allow us to
reinstitute data into the memory in intervals. Using the same example as above,
we can make the cache expire every two hours, and repopulate the data. It would
do this every 2 hours throughout the day, allowing the most up to date data to
be fetched. Below is an example of how something can be put into the cache:<br />
<br />
Referenced from msdn </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.caching.cache(VS.80).aspx<br />
<br />
public void AddItemToCache(Object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
itemRemoved = false;<br />
onRemove = new CacheItemRemovedCallback(this.RemovedCallback);<br />
if (Cache["Key1"] == null)<br />
Cache.Add("Key1", "Value 1", null,
DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(60),TimeSpan.Zero, CacheItemPriority.High, onRemove);<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
public void RemoveItemFromCache(Object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
if(Cache["Key1"] != null)<br />
Cache.Remove("Key1");<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-50593097272815837712014-11-05T05:19:00.002-08:002014-11-05T05:19:25.095-08:00What is ASP.NET State Management? How to manage state in ASP.NET?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
State
management is used to keep values across post back event occurs. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
There are
two types of state management are available in the ASP.NET.<br />
<br />
1) Client based State management<br />
<br />
2) Server based State management<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Client based
state management</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Here I am going to explain about in detail about client based state management.<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>1) What is
View State?</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
View state is nothing but it is used to store the value across post back in the
same page, Mean if you store the value in the Default.aspx page then that value
is accessible only within the same Default.aspx page not able to call in the
other pages like Default2.aspx etc.<br />
<br /><b>
Advantages:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Simple for a
page level data<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Possible to
Encrypted<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Can be set
at the control level.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Disadvantage:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Overhead in
encoding View State Values.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Makes a page
heavy<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>View State
Example</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Client side<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Enter Your Name <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1"
runat="server"></asp:TextBox><br /><br />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server"
Text="Submit" onclick="Button1_Click" /><br /><br />
<asp:Label ID="lblmsg"
runat="server"></asp:Label><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Code behind<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
//Declare value in the View State <br />
ViewState["key"] =
TextBox1.Text;<br />
<br />
//check view state have value using
if loop before assign value<br />
if (ViewState["key"] !=
null && ViewState["key"].ToString() != "")<br />
{<br />
//Get value from view state like
below<br />
lblmsg.Text =
ViewState["key"].ToString();<br />
}<br />
<br />
//Remove View state value like this<br />
ViewState["key"] = null;<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>2) What is
Hidden field?</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Hidden file is also client based state management control. It is keep the value
across post back Refer below code sample for that. Hidden fields are also used
to store data at the page level.<br />
<br /><b>
Advantages:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Simple to
implement for a page specific data.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Can store
small amount of data so they take less size.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Disadvantage:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Inappropriate
for sensitive data.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Hidden Field
value can be intercepted (clearly Visible) when over the network.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Hidden Field
Example</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Client side<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Enter Name<br />
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1"
runat="server"></asp:TextBox><br /><br />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server"
Text="Button" onclick="Button1_Click" /><br /><br />
<asp:Label ID="lblmsg"
runat="server"></asp:Label><br />
<asp:HiddenField ID="HiddenField1" runat="server" /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Code behind<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
//Assign value in hidden field
like below<br />
HiddenField1.Value =
TextBox1.Text;<br />
<br />
//Get the value from hidden field
like below<br />
lblmsg.Text = HiddenField1.Value;<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>3) What is
Cookie?</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
A Cookie is a small piece of data stored on the user's computer. Most browsers
allow only 20 cookies per site<br />
<br /><b>
Advantages:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Simplicity
easy to create and use in web page.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Disadvantages:</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cookies
functionality may be disabled on Users Browsers, so make sure before using
this.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cookies are
transmitted for each HTTP request/response causing over head on bandwidth.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cookies are
Inappropriate for sensitive data like banking applications etc.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Cookie
Example</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
//Add cookies with key and name in
the user's browsers<br />
Response.Cookies["UserId"].Value = TextBox1.Text;<br />
<br />
//Get back value from cookies and
assign in the label control<br />
lblmsg.Text =
Request.Cookies["UserId"].Value.ToString();<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>4) What is
Query string?</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Query String is usually used to send information from one page to another page.
They are passed along with URL in clear text and also encrypted text passed
through url.<br />
<br /><b>
Advantages:</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Simple for
to implement.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Disadvantage:</b><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Human
Readable unless you are not encrypt text before passing to query string.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Client
Browser limit on URL length.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Cross paging
functionality makes it redundant.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Easily
modified by end user at run time if query string not encrypt.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Query String
Example</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
Example<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Page1.aspx Client side<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Enter Name<br />
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1"
runat="server"></asp:TextBox><br /><br />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server"
Text="Button" OnClick="Button1_Click" /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Page1.aspx.cs Code behind<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
//Get the text box value and pass
that value in to other page using query string<br />
Response.Redirect("04QryString2.aspx?name=" + TextBox1.Text);<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Page2.aspx.cs<br />
<br />
In the second page get that query string value and bind in the label like below<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
if (!Page.IsPostBack)<br />
{<br />
Label1.Text =
Request.QueryString["name"].ToString();<br />
}<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><b><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Server based
state management</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Here I am going to explain about in detail about server based state management.
Here all this values are store in the server not in user client side.<br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>1) What is
Session?</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Session is used to keep values across post back and keep values across all
pages too, mean if you declare value in the session variable you can call that
session value in any page of the project. Compare to other View state, hidden
Field etc. Session have most popular state management control.<br /><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Session
Example</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Page1.aspx Client side<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Enter Name<br />
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1"
runat="server"></asp:TextBox><br /><br />
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server"
Text="Button" OnClick="Button1_Click" /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Page1.aspx.cs Code Behind<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
//initialize session value like below<br />
Session["name"] =
TextBox1.Text;<br />
Response.Redirect("05Session2.aspx");<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Page2.aspx Client side<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<asp:Label ID="lblmsg" runat="server"
Text="Label"></asp:Label><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<br />
Page2.aspx.cs Code Behind<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
if (!Page.IsPostBack)<br />
{<br />
//Check before bind session have
value<br />
if (Session["name"] !=
null)<br />
{<br />
lblmsg.Text =
Session["name"].ToString();<br />
}<br />
<br />
//Remove particular session and
its value<br />
Session.Remove("name");<br />
<br />
//Remove all session in the
project like below<br />
Session.RemoveAll();<br />
}<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>2) What is
Cache?</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Cache is also used to keep values in the server. It is not like session, it is
application oriented control.<br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b>Cache
Example</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br />
Code behind</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)<br />
{<br />
//Create cache like below<br />
Cache["t1"] =
TextBox1.Text;<br />
<br />
//Get value from cache below<br />
Label1.Text =
Cache["t1"].ToString();<br />
<br />
//Remove cache and its value like
below<br />
Cache.Remove("t1");<br />
<br />
}<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-26944995080483857822014-11-04T07:15:00.000-08:002014-11-04T07:15:17.738-08:00sql query interview questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write
query to get all employee detail from "EmployeeDetail" table?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write
query to get only "FirstName" column from "EmployeeDetail"
table?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write
query to get FirstName in uppler case as "First Name"?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
UPPER(FirstName) AS [First Name] FROM
[EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write
query to get FirstName in lower case as "First Name"?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
LOWER(FirstName) AS [First Name] FROM
[EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write
query for combine FirstName and LastName and display it as "Name"
(also include white space between first name & last name)?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName +' '+ LastName AS [Name] FROM
[EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select
employee detail whose name is "Vikas"?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName = 'Vikas'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get
all employee detail from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName" start
with latter 'a'?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName like 'a%'</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee details from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName"
contains 'k'?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> SELECT * FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName
like '%k%'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee details from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName"
end with 'h'?</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> SELECT * FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName
like '%h'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee detail from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName"
start with any single character between 'a-p'?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> SELECT * FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName
like '[a-p]%'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee detail from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName"
not start with any single character between 'a-p'?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName like '[^a-p]%'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>
Get all employee detail from EmployeeDetail table whose "Gender" end
with 'le' and contain 4 letters.<o:p></o:p></b></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>--The
Underscore(_) Wildcard Character represents any single character?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE Gender like '__le' --there are two "_"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee detail from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName"
start with 'A' and contain 5 letters?</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName like 'A____' --there are two
"_"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee detail from EmployeeDetail table whose "FirstName"
containing '%'. ex:-"Vik%as"?</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName like '%[%]%' --there are two
"_"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">--According
to our table it would return 0 rows, because no name containg '%'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all unique "Department" from EmployeeDetail table.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
DISTINCT(Department) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get the highest "Salary" from EmployeeDetail table.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
MAX(Salary) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get the lowest "Salary" from EmployeeDetail table.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
MIN(Salary) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Show "JoiningDate" in "dd mmm yyyy" format, ex- "15
Feb 2013"</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),JoiningDate,106) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Show "JoiningDate" in "yyyy/mm/dd" format, ex-
"2013/02/15"</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),JoiningDate,111) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Show only time part of the "JoiningDate".</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
CONVERT(VARCHAR(20),JoiningDate,108) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get only Year part of "JoiningDate".</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
DATEPART(YEAR, JoiningDate) FROM [EmployeeDetail]</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get only Month part of "JoiningDate".</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
DATEPART(MONTH,JoiningDate) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get system date.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
GETDATE()<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get UTC date.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
GETUTCDATE()<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get the first name, current date, joiningdate and diff between current date and
joining date in months.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName, GETDATE() [Current Date], JoiningDate,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DATEDIFF(MM,JoiningDate,GETDATE())
AS [Total Months] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get the first name, current date, joiningdate and diff between current date and
joining date in days.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName, GETDATE() [Current Date], JoiningDate,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DATEDIFF(DD,JoiningDate,GETDATE())
AS [Total Months] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee details from EmployeeDetail table whose joining year is 2013.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE DATEPART(YYYY,JoiningDate) = '2013'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee details from EmployeeDetail table whose joining month is
Jan(1).</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE DATEPART(MM,JoiningDate) = '1'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all employee details from EmployeeDetail table whose joining date between
"2013-01-01" and "2013-12-01".</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE JoiningDate BETWEEN '2013-01-01' AND '2013-12-01'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get how many employee exist in "EmployeeDetail" table.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
COUNT(*) FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select only one/top 1 record from "EmployeeDetail" table.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
TOP 1 * FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select all employee detail with First name
"Vikas","Ashish", and "Nikhil".</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName IN('Vikas','Ashish','Nikhil')<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select all employee detail with First name not
"Vikas","Ashish", and "Nikhil".</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE FirstName NOT IN('Vikas','Ashish','Nikhil')<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select first name from "EmployeeDetail" table after removing white
spaces from right side</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
RTRIM(FirstName) AS [FirstName] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select first name from "EmployeeDetail" table after removing white
spaces from left side</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
LTRIM(FirstName) AS [FirstName] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Display first name and Gender as M/F.(if male then M, if Female then F)</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName, CASE WHEN Gender = 'Male'
THEN 'M'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">WHEN
Gender = 'Female' THEN 'F'<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">END
AS [Gender]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">FROM
[EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select first name from "EmployeeDetail" table prifixed with
"Hello "</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
'Hello ' + FirstName FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get employee details from "EmployeeDetail" table whose Salary greater
than 600000</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE Salary > 600000<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get employee details from "EmployeeDetail" table whose Salary less
than 700000</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE Salary < 700000<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get employee details from "EmployeeDetail" table whose Salary between
500000 than 600000</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
* FROM [EmployeeDetail] WHERE Salary BETWEEN 500000 AND 600000<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Select second highest salary from "EmployeeDetail" table.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
TOP 1 Salary FROM<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> SELECT TOP 2 Salary FROM [EmployeeDetail]
ORDER BY Salary DESC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">)
T ORDER BY Salary ASC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>
Write the query to get the department and department wise total(sum) salary
from "EmployeeDetail" table.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, SUM(Salary) AS [Total Salary] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write the query to get the department and department wise total(sum) salary,
display it in ascending order according to salary.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, SUM(Salary) AS [Total Salary] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department ORDER BY SUM(Salary) ASC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write the query to get the department and department wise total(sum) salary,
display it in descending order according to salary.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, SUM(Salary) AS [Total Salary] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department ORDER BY SUM(Salary) DESC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write the query to get the department, total no. of departments, total(sum)
salary with respect to department from "EmployeeDetail" table.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, COUNT(*) AS [Dept Counts], SUM(Salary) AS [Total Salary] FROM
[EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get department wise average salary from "EmployeeDetail" table order
by salary ascending</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, AVG(Salary) AS [Average Salary] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department ORDER BY AVG(Salary) ASC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get department wise maximum salary from "EmployeeDetail" table order
by salary ascending</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, MAX(Salary) AS [Average Salary] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department ORDER BY MAX(Salary) ASC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get department wise minimum salary from "EmployeeDetail" table order
by salary ascending</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
Department, MIN(Salary) AS [Average Salary] FROM [EmployeeDetail]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">GROUP
BY Department ORDER BY MIN(Salary) ASC<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write down the query to fetch Project name assign to more than one Employee</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Select
ProjectName,Count(*) [NoofEmp] from [ProjectDetail] GROUP BY ProjectName HAVING
COUNT(*)>1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get employee name, project name order by firstname from
"EmployeeDetail" and "ProjectDetail" for those employee
which have assigned project already.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName,ProjectName FROM [EmployeeDetail] A INNER JOIN [ProjectDetail] B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID ORDER BY FirstName<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get employee name, project name order by firstname from
"EmployeeDetail" and "ProjectDetail" for all employee even
they have not assigned project.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName,ProjectName FROM [EmployeeDetail] A LEFT OUTER JOIN [ProjectDetail] B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID ORDER BY FirstName<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get employee name, project name order by firstname from
"EmployeeDetail" and "ProjectDetail" for all employee if
project is not assigned then display "-No Project Assigned".</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName, ISNULL(ProjectName,'-No Project Assigned') FROM [EmployeeDetail] A
LEFT OUTER JOIN [ProjectDetail] B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID ORDER BY FirstName<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get all project name even they have not matching any employeeid, in left table,
order by firstname from "EmployeeDetail" and
"ProjectDetail".</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName,ProjectName FROM [EmployeeDetail] A RIGHT OUTER JOIN [ProjectDetail]
B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID ORDER BY FirstName<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Get complete record(employeename, project name) from both
tables([EmployeeDetail],[ProjectDetail]), if no match found in any table then
show NULL.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName,ProjectName FROM [EmployeeDetail] A FULL OUTER JOIN [ProjectDetail] B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID ORDER BY FirstName<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write a query to find out the employeename who has not assigned any project,
and display "-No Project Assigned"( tables :-
[EmployeeDetail],[ProjectDetail]).</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
FirstName, ISNULL(ProjectName,'-No Project Assigned') AS [ProjectName] FROM [EmployeeDetail]
A LEFT OUTER JOIN [ProjectDetail] B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">WHERE
ProjectName IS NULL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write a query to find out the project name which is not assigned to any
employee( tables :- [EmployeeDetail],[ProjectDetail]).</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SELECT
ProjectName FROM [EmployeeDetail] A RIGHT OUTER JOIN [ProjectDetail] B<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
A.EmployeeID = B.EmployeeDetailID<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">WHERE
FirstName IS NULL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write down the query to fetch EmployeeName & Project who has assign more
than one project.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Select
EmployeeID, FirstName, ProjectName from [EmployeeDetail] E INNER JOIN
[ProjectDetail] P<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
E.EmployeeID = P.EmployeeDetailID<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">WHERE
EmployeeID IN (SELECT EmployeeDetailID FROM [ProjectDetail] GROUP BY
EmployeeDetailID HAVING COUNT(*) >1 )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Write down the query to fetch ProjectName on which more than one employee are
working along with EmployeeName.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Select
FirstName, ProjectName from [EmployeeDetail] E INNER JOIN [ProjectDetail] P<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ON
E.EmployeeID = P.EmployeeDetailID<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-79290748236720036542014-11-04T06:59:00.002-08:002014-11-04T06:59:38.171-08:00Best Ways to Imporve SQL Query Performance<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">1. Use views and stored
procedures instead of heavy-duty queries. This can reduce network traffic,
because your client will send to server only stored procedure or view name
(perhaps with some parameters) instead of large heavy-duty queries text. This
can be used to facilitate permission management also, because you can restrict
user access to table columns they should not see.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">2. Try to use constraints instead of triggers,
whenever possible. Constraints are much more efficient than triggers and can
boost performance. So, you should use constraints instead of triggers, whenever
possible.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">3. Use table variables instead of temporary
tables. Table variables require less locking and logging resources than
temporary tables, so table variables should be used whenever possible. The
table variables are available in SQL Server 2000 only.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">4. Try to use UNION ALL statement instead of
UNION, whenever possible. The UNION ALL statement is much faster than UNION,
because UNION ALL statement does not look for duplicate rows, and UNION
statement does look for duplicate rows, whether or not they exist.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">5. Try to avoid using the DISTINCT clause,
whenever possible. Because using the DISTINCT clause will result in some
performance degradation, you should use this clause only when it is necessary.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">6. Try to avoid using SQL Server cursors,
whenever possible. SQL Server cursors can result in some performance
degradation in comparison with select statements. Try to use correlated
sub-query or derived tables, if you need to perform row-by-row operations.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">7. Try to avoid the HAVING clause, whenever
possible. The HAVING clause is used to restrict the result set returned by the
GROUP BY clause. When you use GROUP BY with the HAVING clause, the GROUP BY
clause divides the rows into sets of grouped rows and aggregates their values,
and then the HAVING clause eliminates undesired aggregated groups. In many
cases, you can write your select statement so, that it will contain only WHERE
and GROUP BY clauses without HAVING clause. This can improve the performance of
your query.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">8. If you need to return the total table’s row
count, you can use alternative way instead of SELECT COUNT(*) statement.
Because SELECT COUNT(*) statement make a full table scan to return the total
table’s row count, it can take very many time for the large table. There is
another way to determine the total row count in a table. You can use sysindexes
system table, in this case. There is ROWS column in the sysindexes table. This
column contains the total row count for each table in your database. So, you
can use the following select statement instead of SELECT COUNT(*): SELECT rows
FROM sysindexes WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(‘table_name’) AND indid < 2 So, you can
improve the speed of such queries in several times.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">9. Try to restrict the queries result set by
using the WHERE clause. This can results in good performance benefits, because
SQL Server will return to client only particular rows, not all rows from the
table(s). This can reduce network traffic and boost the overall performance of
the query.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">10. Use the select statements with TOP keyword
or the SET ROWCOUNT statement, if you need to return only the first n rows.
This can improve performance of your queries, because the smaller result set
will be returned. This can also reduce the traffic between the server and the
clients.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">11. Try to restrict the queries result set by
returning only the particular columns from the table, not all table’s columns.
This can results in good performance benefits, because SQL Server will return to
client only particular columns, not all table’s columns. This can reduce
network traffic and boost the overall performance of the query. 1.Indexes
2.avoid more number of triggers on the table 3.unnecessary complicated joins
4.correct use of Group by clause with the select list 5 In worst cases
Denormalization Index Optimization tips</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">12. Every index increases the time in takes to
perform INSERTS, UPDATES and DELETES, so the number of indexes should not be
very much. Try to use maximum 4-5 indexes on one table, not more. If you have
read-only table, then the number of indexes may be increased.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">13.Keep your indexes as narrow as possible. This
reduces the size of the index and reduces the number of reads required to read
the index.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">14. Try to create indexes on columns that have
integer values rather than character values.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">15. If you create a composite (multi-column)
index, the order of the columns in the key are very important. Try to order the
columns in the key as to enhance selectivity, with the most selective columns
to the leftmost of the key.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">16. If you want to join several tables, try to
create surrogate integer keys for this purpose and create indexes on their
columns.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">17. Create surrogate integer primary key
(identity for example) if your table will not have many insert operations.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">18. Clustered indexes are more preferable than
nonclustered, if you need to select by a range of values or you need to sort
results set with GROUP BY or ORDER BY.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">19. If your application will be performing the
same query over and over on the same table, consider creating a covering index
on the table.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">20. Include SET NOCOUNT ON statement into your
stored procedures to stop the message indicating the number of rows affected by
a T-SQL statement. This can reduce network traffic, because your client will
not receive the message indicating the number of rows affected by a T-SQL
statement.</span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-53093399628947055162014-11-04T06:58:00.004-08:002014-11-04T06:58:58.464-08:00 View State Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What is View State in Asp.net?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
View state is nothing but a method that the ASP.NET uses to preserve page and
control values between post backs. When the HTML markup for the page is
rendered, the current state of the page and values that must be retained during
postback are serialized into base64-encoded strings. This information is then
put into the view state hidden field.<br />
<br /><b>
View state is client-side or server side state management technique?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
View state is client-side state management technique<br />
<br /><b>
what are the client-side state management technique supported by ASP.NET?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">View
state<br />
Control state<br />
Hidden fields<br />
Cookies<br />
Query strings<br />
<br /><b>
View state is used by Asp.net page automatically or we need to apply it manually?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">View
state is used automatically by the ASP.NET page framework to persist
information that must be preserved between postbacks.<br />
<br />
<br /><b>
When you can use (take advantage of vs) view state? Or what you can do by use
view state?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">a)
Keep values between postbacks without storing them in session state or in a
user profile.<br />
b) Store the values of page or control properties that you define.<br />
c) Create a custom view state provider that lets you store view state
information in a SQL Server database or in another data store.<br />
<br /><b>
What are the advantages of using view state?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">No
server resources are required: The view state is contained in a structure
within the page code.<br />
Simple implementation: View state does not require any custom programming to
use. It is on by default to maintain state data on controls.<br />
Enhanced security features: The values in view state are hashed, compressed,
and encoded for Unicode implementations, which provides more security than
using hidden fields.<br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What
are the limitations of view state?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Limitations: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Because view state is stored in the page, it results in a larger total page
size.<br />
ASP.NET uses view state only with page and control properties.<br />
View state isn't a good place to store sensitive information that the client
shouldn't be allowed to see.<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-85139965735480356622014-11-04T06:57:00.003-08:002014-11-04T06:57:32.460-08:00Session state management Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What
is state management?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
State management is the process by which you maintain state and page
information over multiple requests for the same or different pages.<br />
<br /><b>
Http is stateless, what does this mean?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Stateless protocol is a communications protocol that treats each request as an
independent transaction that is unrelated to any previous request so that the
communication consists of independent pairs of requests and responses.<br />
<br /><b>
What is Session?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
We know that Http is stateless, means
when we open a webpage and fill some information and then move to next page
then the data which we have entered will lost.<br />
It happed do to Http protocol stateless nature. So here session come into
existence, Session provide us the way of storing data in server memory. So you
can store your page data into server<br />
memory and retrieve it back during page post backs.<br />
<br /><b>
What are the Advantage and disadvantage of Session?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Advantages: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Session provides us the way of maintain user state/data.<br />
It is very easy to implement.<br />
One big advantage of session is that we can store any kind of object in it. :
E.g. database, dataset... etc.<br />
By using session we don't need to worry about data collesp, because it stores
every client data separately.<br />
Session is secure and transparent from the user.<br /><br />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Disadvantages:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />Performance overhead in case of large volumes of data/user, because session
data is stored in server memory.<br />
Overhead involved in serializing and de-serializing session data, because in
the case of State Server and SQLServer session modes, we need to serialize the
objects before storing them.<br />
<br />
What is Session ID in Asp.net?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Asp.Net use 120 bit identifier to track
each session. This is secure enough and can't be reverse engineered. When
client communicate with server, only session id is transmitted, between them.
When client request for data, ASP.NET looks on to session ID and retrieves
corresponding data.<br /><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>By
default where the sessions ID's are stored?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By
default, the unique identifier for a session is stored in a non-expiring
session cookie in the browser. You can specify that session identifiers not be
stored in a cookie by setting the cookieless attribute to true in the
sessionState configuration element.<br />
We can also configure our application to store it in the url by specifying a
"cookieless" session<br />
The ASP Session cookie has this format:-<br />
ASPSESSIONIDACSSDCCC=APHELKLDMNKNIOJONJACDHFN<br />
<br />
<br /><b>
Where does session stored if cookie is disabled on client’s machine?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
If you want to disable the use of cookies in your ASP.NET application and still
make use of session state, you can configure your application to store the
session identifier in the URL instead of a cookie by setting the cookieless
attribute of the sessionState configuration element to true, or to UseUri, in
the Web.config file for your application.<br />
The following code example shows a Web.config file that configures session
state to use cookieless session identifiers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Code:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><configuration><br />
<system.web><br />
<sessionState<br />
cookieless="true"<br />
regenerateExpiredSessionId="true"<br />
timeout="30" /><br />
</system.web><br />
</configuration><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
Can you describe all the property set in web.config under session state?<br />
Ans:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Code:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><configuration><br />
<sessionstate<br />
mode="inproc"<br />
cookieless="false"<br />
timeout="20"<br />
sqlconnectionstring="data
source=127.0.0.1;user id=<user id>;password=<password>"<br />
server="127.0.0.1"<br />
port="42424"<br />
/><br />
</configuration><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mode:
The mode setting supports three options: inproc, sqlserver, and stateserver. As
stated earlier, ASP.NET supports two modes: in process and out of process.
There are also two options for out-of-process state management: memory based
(stateserver), and SQL Server based (sqlserver). We'll discuss implementing
these options shortly.<br />
Cookieless: The cookieless option for ASP.NET is configured with this simple
Boolean setting.<br />
Timeout: This option controls the length of time a session is considered valid.
The session timeout is a sliding value; on each request the timeout period is
set to the current time plus the timeout value<br />
Sqlconnectionstring: The sqlconnectionstring identifies the database connection
string that names the database used for mode sqlserver.<br />
Server: In the out-of-process mode stateserver, it names the server that is
running the required Windows NT service: ASPState.<br />
Port: The port setting, which accompanies the server setting, identifies the
port number that corresponds to the server setting for mode stateserver.<br />
<br /><b>
What are Session Events?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
There are two types of session events available in ASP.NET:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Session_Start<br />
Session_End<br />
You can handle both these events in the global.asax file of your web
application. When a new session initiates, the session_start event is raised,
and the Session_End event raised when a session is abandoned or expires.<br />
<br /><b>
How you can disable session?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">If
we set session Mode="off" in web.config, session will be disabled in
the application. For this, we need to configure web.config the following way:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Code:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><configuration><br />
<sessionstate Mode="off"/><br />
</configuration><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What are the session modes available in asp.net?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Off<br />
InProc<br />
StateServer(Out-Proc)<br />
SQLServer<br />
Custom<br />
<br /><b>
What is the default session modes in asp.net?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> InProc<br />
<br /><b>
what are the disadvantages of using InProc session mode?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Its stores session information in the current Application Domain.<br />
So it will lose data if we restart the server.<br />
<br /><b>
Session_End() event is supported by which session mode only?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Session_End() event is supported by InProc mode only.<br />
<br /><b>
What do you understand by StateServer(Out-Proc) mode?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">StateServer
session mode is also called Out-Proc session mode. StateServer uses a
stand-alone Windows Service which is independent of IIS and can also be run on
a separate server. This session state is totally managed by aspnet_state.exe.
This server may run on the same system, but it's outside of the main
application domain where your web application is running. This means if you
restart your ASP.NET process, your session data will still be alive.<br />
<br /><b>
Under StateServer(Out-Proc) mode the session state is managed by?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
aspnet_state.exe<br />
<br />
What are the advantages and disadvantages of StateServer(Out-Proc) Session
mode?<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Advantages:<br />
It keeps data separate from IIS so any issues with IIS will not hamper session
data.<br />
It is useful in web farm and web garden scenarios.<br />
Disadvantages:<br />
Process is slow due to serialization and de-serialization.<br />
State Server always needs to be up and running.<br />
<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Under
SQLServer Session Mode where the session data store?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> In SQLServersession mode, session data is
serialized and stored in A SQL Server database.<br />
<br /><b>
What is the big disadvantage of SqlServer Session mode?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
The main disadvantage of SqlServer Session mode storage method is the overhead
related with data serialization and de-serialization.<br />
<br /><b>
What are the advantages and disadvantages of SqlServer Session mode?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Advantages:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Session data not affected if we restart IIS.<br />
The most reliable and secure session management.<br />
It keeps data located centrally, is easily accessible from other applications.<br />
Very useful in web farms and web garden scenarios.<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Disadvantages:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Processing is very slow in nature.<br />
Object serialization and de-serialization creates overhead for the application.<br />
As the session data is handled in a different server, we have to take care of
SQL Server. It should be always up and running.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-88541706211702622732014-10-31T10:26:00.006-07:002014-10-31T10:26:52.473-07:00AJAX Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. What is ASP.NET AJAX?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET AJAX, mostly called AJAX, is a set of extensions of
ASP.NET. It is developed by Microsoft to implement AJAX functionalities in Web
applications. ASP.NET AJAX provides a set of components that enable the
developers to develop applications that can update only a specified portion of
data without refreshing the entire page. The ASP.NET AJAX works with the AJAX
Library that uses object-oriented programming (OOP) to develop rich Web
applications that communicate with the server using asynchronous postback.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. What is the difference between synchronous postback and
asynchronous postback?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The difference between synchronous and asynchronous postback is
as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asynchronous postback renders only the required part of the
page; whereas, synchronous postback renders the entire page for any postback.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asynchronous postback executes only one postback at a time, that
is, if you have two buttons doing asynchronous postback, the actions will be
performed one by one; whereas, synchronous postback executes all the actions at
once.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asynchronous postback only modifies the update panel that raises
the postback; whereas, synchronous postback modifies the entire page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. What technologies are being used in AJAX?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX uses four technologies, which are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">JavaScript<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Document Object Model (DOM)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Extensible HTML (XHTML) and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Why do we use the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object in
AJAX?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object is used by JavaScript to transfer XML and
other text data between client and server. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object allows
a client-side script to perform an HTTP request. AJAX applications use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object so
that the browser can communicate to the server without requiring a postback of
the entire page. In earlier versions of Internet Explorer, MSXML ActiveX
component is liable to provide this functionality; whereas, Internet Explorer 7
and other browsers, such as Mozilla Firefox, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is not liable
to.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. How can we get the state of the requested process?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> get the current state of the request operation by
using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">readyState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">property. This property checks the state of the object to
determine if any action should be taken. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">readyState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property uses
numeric values to represent the state.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. What are the different controls of ASP.NET AJAX?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET AJAX includes the following controls:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManagerProxy</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdateProgress</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7. What are the new features included in the Microsoft AJAX
library?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Microsoft AJAX library is a client-based JavaScript library
that is compatible with all modern browsers and offers a lot of functionality
as compared to JavaScript. This library is released with new features and fully
supports ASP.NET 4.0'. The new features included in the Microsoft AJAX library
are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Imperative syntax</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Supports simple imperative
syntax that is used to create and manage controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Script loader</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Retrieves all scripts that
are needed by one or more client component or control automatically and
executes the scripts in the order in which they are received.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Client data access</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Supports to access client
data and display by client data control and client template.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Client datacontext</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Supports read and write
permission to data from a database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdoNetDataContext</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you
to easily interact with an ADO.NET Data Services service.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">jQuery integration</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Helps to access the elements
in your Web pages, work with client-side events, enable visual effects, and
make it easier to use AJAX in your applications.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8. Explain the Step property of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NumericUpDownExtender</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Step</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property sets the steps for numeric increment and
decrement. The default value is </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9. What are the new features of ASP.NET AJAX 4.0?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET 4.0 AJAX includes several new features that provide more
functionality to a user. These features are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for live data binding.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for client-side template rendering.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for declarative instantiation of client components.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for using the observer pattern on JavaScript objects and
arrays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for invoking ADO.NET data services and data contexts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10. Why do we use the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdateProgress</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control in
AJAX?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdateProgress</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is somewhat related to the UpdatePanel
control. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdateProgress</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control enables you to design a user-friendly
interface when a Web page consists of a number of </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls for
partial-page rendering.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdateProgress</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control makes you aware of the status information
about the partial-page updates in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11. What is JSON?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">JSON is an abbreviation of JavaScript Object Notation. It is a
safe and reliable data interchange format in JavaScript, which is easy to
understand not only for the users but also for the machines.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12. How many validation controls are available in ASP.NET AJAX
4.0?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following validation controls are available in ASP.NET AJAX
4.0:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FilteredTextBoxExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you to apply
filtering to a text box.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MaskedEditExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MaskedEditValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Restricts a
user to enter only a certain pattern of characters in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TextBox</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> by applying a
mask to the input.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ValidatorCalloutExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Attaches to the ASP.NET
validators so that the error messages are not displayed as a simple text but as
a balloon-style ToolTip.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NoBot</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Prevents the spam/bot from filling the input forms
automatically and uses the Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell
Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA), which is a type of challenge-response
test to ensure that the response is not generated by the computer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PasswordStrengthExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Measures the strength of the
password text entered within the text box by validating with the different
strength specified parameters<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13. Explain the limitations of AJAX.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following are the limitations of AJAX:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is difficult to bookmark a particular state of the
application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Function provided in the code-behind file do not work because
the dynamic pages cannot register themselves on browsers history engine
automatically.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If JavaScript is disabled, then AJAX is not able to perform any
work.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response time may be slow because different controls of a page
are loaded at different time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14. What are the differences between AJAX and JavaScript?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The differences between AJAX and JavaScript are given as
follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX sends request to the server and does not wait for the
response. It performs other operations on the page during that time. JavaScript
make a request to the server and waits for response.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX does not require the page to refresh for downloading
the whole page while JavaScript manages and controls a Web page after being
downloaded.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX minimizes the overload on the server since the script
needs to request once while JavaScript posts a request that updates the script
every time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15. Explain the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control specifies the portions of a Web page that
can be updated together. As the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
refreshes only a selected part of the Web page instead of refreshing the entire
page with a postback, you get more flexibility to create rich and
client-centric Web applications.<br />
<br />
Refreshing a selected part of the Web page is referred as partial-page update.
You can add one or more </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control in the Web page, which
automatically participates in partial-page update without custom client script.
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class to
support the partial-page rendering.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16. What does the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DynamicPopulateExtender</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control do?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DynamicPopulateExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control populates the contents
of a control dynamically. It enables you to send an asynchronous call to the
server that dynamically populates the contents of a control. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DynamicPopulateExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
replaces the contents of a control with the result of a Web service or page
method call.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17. What does the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MinimumPrefixLength</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of
the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AutoCompleteExtender</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">control do?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MinimumPrefixLength</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property sets the minimum
number of characters that must be entered before getting suggestions from the
Web service.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18. What is the importance of client-side libraries?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Client-side libraries contain built-in code to make asynchronous
calls over XMLHTTP. These libraries automatically handle browser compatibility
issues. These libraries are based on a programming model similar to ASP.NET.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19. Can we call server-side code from JavaScript?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, page methods and Web services are the two techniques to
call the server-side code from JavaScript.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20. What are the components of the ASP.NET AJAX architecture?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can divide the ASP.NET AJAX architecture into two components
- AJAX client architecture and AJAX server architecture.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21. Describe AJAX Control Extender Toolkit.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX Control Toolkit is a set of extenders that are used to
extend the functionalities of the ASP.NET controls. The extenders use a block
of JavaScript code to add new and enhanced capabilities to the ASP.NET
controls. AJAX Control Toolkit is a free download available on the Microsoft
site. You need to install this toolkit on your system before using extenders.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">22. Explain the need of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control in
AJAX.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is used with an </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control to
allow partial-page updates at a specified interval. It is mostly used when a
periodically partial-page update for one or more</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls is
required without refreshing the entire page.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is a server control that sets a JavaScript
component in the Web page. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">interval</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
specifies time in milliseconds. Similar to the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control also
requires an instance of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">control in the Web
page.<br />
<br />
When the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control initiates a postback, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tick</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> event is
raised on the server for which you can provide an event handler to perform the
actions when the page is submitted to the server. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tick</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> event occurs
when the time specified in the interval property has elapsed and the page is
posted on the server. You can add one or more Timer controls on a Web page.
Usually the entire page requires only a single </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control;
however, you can use multiple</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Timer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls, if the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls are
being updated at different intervals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23. List the different states of </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> with their
description.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The different
states of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XMLHttpRequest</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Uninitialized</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the state when the
object has not been initialized.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Open</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the state when the object has been
created; however, the send function has not been invoked.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sent</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> -Refers to the state when the send function is
invoked; however, the status and headers are not available.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Receiving</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the state when the
process is receiving data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Loaded</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the state when the procedure is completed
and the entire data is available.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24. Can we nest the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, we can nest the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdatePanel</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25. What is the role of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManagerProxy</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A Web page cannot contain more than one </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control. You
can use the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManagerProxy</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control to add scripts to other
pages; however to perform such an operation, you need to work with a master
page that contains the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control. If you have only few
pages that need to register to a script or a Web service, then you should
remove these pages from the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control and
add them as individual pages by using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManagerProxy</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control. If
you include the scripts on the master page by the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control, then
the items get downloaded on each page that extends the master page, even if
they are not necessary.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26. What is the work of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ConformOnFormSubmit</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property in
the</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ConfirmButtonExtender</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ConformOnFormSubmit</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property determines whether or
not the confirm dialog box should wait when the form is submitted for display.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27. What is the syntax to create AJAX objects?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX uses the following syntax to create an object:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">var myobject = new AjaxObject("page path");</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<br />
The page path is the URL of the Web page containing the object that you want to
call. The URL must be of the same domain as the Web page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28. Is there any difference between HTML and XHTML?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Extensible HTML (XHTML) is a markup language that provides the
mixture expressions of HTML and XML. XHTML is a flexible markup language that
enables automated processing by standard XML tools, which was difficult in
HTML.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29. What are the requirements to run ASP.NET AJAX applications
on a server?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AJAX is a built-in functionality of .NET Framework 4.0.
Therefore, you can run an AJAX application by just installing Microsoft Visual
Studio 2010. However, to use extenders in your applications, you are required
to install AJAX Control Toolkit and copy the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AjaxControlToolkit.dll</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file to the
Bin directory of your application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30. Describe the situations in which AJAX should not be used.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You should not use AJAX if:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You want the page to show in a search engine, such as Google,
because WebCrawler does not execute JavaScript code.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The browser does not support JavaScript.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You want to create a secure application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">31. What is the use of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control in
AJAX?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is a core control that performs a key role
in implementing the ASP.NET AJAX functionality. It helps to use JavaScript for
the Microsoft AJAX Library. It should be noted that AJAX Library on a Web page
can only be used if the Web page contains the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control. This
control makes use of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class to maintain the AJAX
script libraries and script files. It allows for partial page rendering, Web
service calls, and use of ASP.NET AJAX Client Library by rendering the AJAX
Library scripts to the browser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">32. How can you find out that an AJAX request has been
completed?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can find out that an AJAX request has been completed by
using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">readyState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property. If the value of this property equals to four, it
means that the request has been completed and the data is available.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33. Is it possible to use multiple </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ScriptManager</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls on a
Web page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No, it is not possible.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">34. What are the new controls introduced in ASP.NET AJAX Control
Toolkit?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following controls are introduced with the new version of
AJAX Control Toolkit:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SeaDragonExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Refers to the control
that is used to deeply zoom the images. You can zoom in or out the image or the
particular portion of the image by using the mouse. You can also create a menu
over the Seadragon control. This control is helpful when you want to analyze
the image closely.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AsyncFileUploadExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Refers to the control
that provides the facility to upload and save the files on the server
asynchronously. You can check the outcome either at the server or client side.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">35. Briefly describe ASP.NET AJAX Framework.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET AJAX Framework provides a platform where developers can
develop such type of applications that use the AJAX concept. The AJAX provides
the collection of technologies to create dynamic pages at the client side. The
JavaScript requests are responsible to retrieve data from the server or send
data to the server. Even some processing at server also requires handling
requests, such as searching and storing of data. These tasks are achieved more
easily using the AJAX Framework.<br />
<br />
AJAX Framework is completely devoted to process requests. The objective of the
AJAX engine is to reduce the delays that the user notices while performing a
postback to the server. AJAX Framework allows JavaScript functions to send
requests to server at the client side. On the other side, it allows the server
to process the client's request, searches data, and responds the result to the
browser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">36. Is the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AjaxControlToolkit.dll</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file
installed in the Global Assembly Cache?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No, you have to copy this file to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bin</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> folder of
your application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">37. What are the different ways to pass parameters to the
server?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We can pass parameters to the server using either the GET or
POST method. The following code snippets show the example of both the methods:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Get: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XmlHttpObject.Open("GET", "file1.txt",
true);</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Post: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XmlHttpObject.Open("POST",
"file2.txt", true);</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">38. What are the extender controls?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The extender controls uses a block of JavaScript code to add new
and enhanced capabilities to ASP.NET. The developers can use a set of sample
extender controls through a separate download - AJAX Control Toolkit (ACT).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">39. Describe the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AccordionExtender</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AccordionExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is similar to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CollapsiblePanelExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control. It
allows you to group multiple collapsible panels in a single control. At the
same time, it also manages the collapsed and expanded state of each panel;
therefore, expanding one panel at a time. In other words, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AccordionExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control does
not support expanding two or more panels simultaneously. Instead, the header
templates of all the panels are always visible so that you can click on any of
them to display the hidden contents. By default, the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AccordionExtender</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control opens
with one panel as expanded.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-48130449735483184602014-10-31T10:26:00.003-07:002014-10-31T10:26:15.863-07:00LINQ Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. What is Language Integrated Query (LINQ)?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ is a programming model that is the composition of
general-purpose standard query operators that allow you to work with data,
regardless of the data source in any .NET based programming language. It is the
name given to a set of technologies based on the integration of query
capabilities into any .NET language.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. What are LINQ query expressions?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A LINQ query, also known as a query expression, consists of a
combination of query clauses that identify the data sources for the query. It
includes instructions for sorting, filtering, grouping, or joining to apply to
the source data. The LINQ query expressions syntax is similar to the SQL
syntax. It specifies what information should be retrieved from the data source.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. Write the basic steps to execute a LINQ query.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following are the three basic steps to execute a LINQ query:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Obtain the data source (The data source can be either an SQL
database or an XML file)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Create a query<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Execute the query<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Write the basic syntax of a LINQ query in Visual Basic as
well as in C#.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In Visual Basic, the basic syntax of a LINQ query starts with
the <b>From</b> clause and ends with the<b>Select</b> or <b>Group
By</b> clause. In addition, you can use the <b>Where</b>, <b>Order
By</b>, and <b>Order By Descending</b> clauses to perform additional
functions, such as filtering data and generating the data in a specific order.<br />
<br />
In C#, the basic syntax of a LINQ query starts with the <b>From</b> clause
and ends with the <b>Select</b>or <b>group by clause</b>. In
addition, you can use the <b>where</b>, <b>orderby</b>, and <b>Orderby
descending</b>clauses to perform additional functions, such as filtering data
and generating the data in a specific order.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. In which statement the LINQ query is executed?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A LINQ query is executed in the <b>For Each</b> statement
in Visual Basic and in the <b>foreach</b>statement in C#.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. In LINQ, lambda expressions underlie many of the standard
query operators. Is it True or False?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is true.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7. What is PLINQ?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PLINQ stands for Parallel Language Integrated Query. It is the
parallel implementation of LINQ, in which a query can be executed by using
multiple processors. PLINQ ensures the scalability of software on parallel
processors in the execution environment. It is used where data grows rapidly, such
as in telecom industry or where data is heterogeneous.<br />
<br />
PLINQ also supports all the operators of LINQ. In addition, you can query
'collections by using PLINQ. It can also run several LINQ queries
simultaneously and makes use of the processors on the system. Apart from this,
PLINQ uses parallel execution, which helps in running the queries quickly.
Parallel execution provides a major performance improvement to PLINQ over
certain types of legacy code, which takes too much time to execute.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8. What are the different Visual Basic features that support
LINQ?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Visual Basic includes the following features that support LINQ:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anonymous types</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you to create a new
type based on a query result.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Implicitly typed variables</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables the
compiler to infer and assign a type when you declare and initialize a variable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Extension method</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you to extend an
existing type with your own methods without modifying the type itself.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9. What is the function of the DISTINCT clause in a LINQ query?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <b>DISTINCT</b> clause returns the result set
without the duplicate values.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10. What is the DataContext class and how is it related to LINQ?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">After you add a LINQ to SQL Classes item to a project and open
the O/R Designer, the empty design surface represents an empty </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataContext</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class ready
to be configured. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataContext</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class is a LINQ to SQL class that acts as a conduit
between a SQL Server database and the LINQ to SQL entity classes mapped to that
database. This class contains the connection string information and the methods
for connecting to a database and manipulating the data in the database. It is
configured with connection information provided by the first item that is
dragged onto the design surface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11. What is the difference between the Take and Skip clauses?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <b>Take</b> clause returns a specified number of
elements. For example, you can use the <b>Take</b>clause to return two
values from an array of numbers. The <b>Skip</b> clause skips the
specified number of elements in the query and returns the rest. For example,
you can use the <b>Skip</b>clause to skip the first four strings in an
array of strings and return the remaining array of string.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12. What is Object Relational Designer (0/R Designer)?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The 0/R Designer provides a visual design surface to create LINQ
to SQL entity classes and associations (relationships) that are based on
objects in a database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13. Which
interface implements the standard query operators in LINQ?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The standard query operators implement the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable<T></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> or the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IQueryable<T></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">interface in C# and
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable(Of T)</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> or the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IQueryable(Of
T)</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> interface in Visual Basic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14. What
are standard query operators in LINQ?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The standard query operators in LINQ are the extension methods
that form the LINQ pattern. These operators form an API that enables querying
of any .NET array or collection. It operates on sequences and allows you to
perform operations, such as determining if a value exists in the sequence and
performing an aggregated function, such as a summation over a sequence.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15. On
what parameter does the </span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GroupBy</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> clause
group the data?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <b>GroupBy</b> clause groups the elements that
share a common attribute.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16. What
is a </span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LinqDataSource</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LinqDataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control enables you to use LINQ. in an ASP.NET Web
page by setting the properties in the markup text. You can use the control
retrieve or modify data. It is similar to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SqIDataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ObjectDataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls in
the sense that it can be used to declaratively bind other ASP.NET controls on a
page to a data source. The difference is that instead of binding directly to a
database or to a generic class, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LinqDataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is
designed to bind a LINQ enabled data model.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17. How
can you open the O/R Designer?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can open the O/R Designer by adding a new LINQ to SQL
Classes item to a project.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18. The
standard query operators are themselves a set of extension methods that provide
the LINQ query functionality for any type that implements the </span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable<T></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> interface in Visual Basic.
Is it True or False?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">False, as it implements the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable(T)</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> interface in
Visual Basic and the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable<T></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> interface is implemented in C#.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19. What are lambda expressions in LINQ?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A lambda expression is a function without a name that calculates
and returns a single value. All lambda expressions use the lambda operator </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">=></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, which read as
goes to. The left side of the lambda operator specifies the input parameters
and the right side holds the expression or statement block.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20. Before you query a DataSet object by using LINQ to DataSet,
you must first populate the dataset How can you do this?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can load the data into the dataset by using different
methods, such as:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Using LINQ to SQL<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21. What are the different implementations of LINQ?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The different implementations of LINQ are:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ to SQL</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to a component of.NET
Framework version 3.5 that provides a run-time infrastructure to manage
relational data as objects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ to DataSet</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to a component that
makes it easier and faster to query over data cached in a DataSet object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ to XML</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Provides an in-memory XML
programming interface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ to Objects</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the use of LINQ
queries with any </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> or</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable(T)</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> collection directly, without
the use of an intermediate LINQ provider or API, such as LINQ to SQL or LINQ to
XML.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">22. Which command-line tool generates code and mapping for the
LINQ to SQL component of .NET Framework?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <b>SqlMetal.exe</b> command-line tool generates
code and map the LINQ to SQL component.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23. Name the control that exposes the LINQ features to Web
developers through the ASP.NET data-source control architecture.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LinqDataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control exposes the LINQ features to Web developers
through the ASP.NET data-source control architecture.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24. What is the difference between the Select clause and </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SelectMany()</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method in
LINQ?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both the Select clause and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SelectMany()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method are
used to produce a result value from a source of values. The difference lies in
the result set. The Select clause is used to produce one result value for every
source value. The result value is a collection that has the same number of
elements from the query. In contrast, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SelectMany()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method
produces a single result that contains a concatenated collection from the
query.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25. <b>Which
extension method do you need to run a parallel query in PLINQ?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The <b>AsParallel</b> extension method is required to
run a parallel query in PLINQ.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-7914463642824534342014-10-31T10:25:00.003-07:002014-10-31T10:25:47.231-07:00SQL Server Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1. Which TCP/IP port does SQL Server
run on? How can it be changed?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">SQL Server runs on port 1433. It can be changed from the
Network Utility TCP/IP properties.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2. What are the difference between clustered and a
non-clustered index?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A clustered index</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">is a special type of index that reorders the way records
in the table are physically stored. Therefore table can have only one clustered
index. The leaf nodes of a clustered index contain the data pages.<br />
2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A non clustered index</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">is a special type of index in which the logical order of
the index does not match the physical stored order of the rows on disk. The
leaf node of a non clustered index does not consist of the data pages. Instead,
the leaf nodes contain index rows.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3. What are the different index configurations a table can
have?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A table can have one of the following index
configurations:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">No
indexes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
clustered index<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
clustered index and many nonclustered indexes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
nonclustered index<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Many
nonclustered indexes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4. What are different types of Collation Sensitivity?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Case
sensitivity</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">- A and a, B
and b, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Accent
sensitivity</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Kana
Sensitivity</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">- When
Japanese kana characters Hiragana and Katakana are treated differently, it is
called Kana sensitive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Width
sensitivity</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">- A
single-byte character (half-width) and the same character represented as a
double-byte character (full-width) are treated differently than it is width
sensitive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5. What is OLTP (Online Transaction Processing)?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">In OLTP - online transaction processing systems relational
database design use the discipline of data modeling and generally follow the
Codd rules of data normalization in order to ensure absolute data integrity.
Using these rules complex information is broken down into its most simple
structures (a table) where all of the individual atomic level elements relate
to each other and satisfy the normalization rules.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">6. What's the difference between a primary key and a
unique key?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Both primary key and unique key enforces uniqueness of the
column on which they are defined. But by default primary key creates a
clustered index on the column, where are unique creates a nonclustered index by
default. Another major difference is that, primary key doesn't allow NULLs, but
unique key allows one NULL only.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">7. What is difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE
commands?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Delete command removes the rows from a table based on the
condition that we provide with a WHERE clause. Truncate will actually remove
all the rows from a table and there will be no data in the table after we run
the truncate command.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE
is faster and uses fewer system and transaction log resources than DELETE.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE
removes the data by deallocating the data pages used to store the table's data,
and only the page deallocations are recorded in the transaction log.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE
removes all rows from a table, but the table structure, its columns,
constraints, indexes and so on, remains. The counter used by an identity for
new rows is reset to the seed for the column.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">You
cannot use TRUNCATE TABLE on a table referenced by a FOREIGN KEY constraint.
Because TRUNCATE TABLE is not logged, it cannot activate a trigger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE
cannot be rolled back.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">6.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE
is DDL Command.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">7.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">TRUNCATE
Resets identity of the table<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE
removes rows one at a time and records an entry in the transaction log for each
deleted row.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">If
you want to retain the identity counter, use DELETE instead. If you want to
remove table definition and its data, use the DROP TABLE statement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE
Can be used with or without a WHERE clause<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE
Activates Triggers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE
can be rolled back.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">6.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE
is DML Command.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">7.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">DELETE
does not reset identity of the table.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">8. When is the use of UPDATE_STATISTICS command?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">This command is basically used when a large processing of
data has occurred. If a large amount of deletions any modification or Bulk Copy
into the tables has occurred, it has to update the indexes to take these
changes into account. UPDATE_STATISTICS updates the indexes on these tables
accordingly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">9. What is the difference between a HAVING CLAUSE and a
WHERE CLAUSE?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">They specify a search condition for a group or an
aggregate. But the difference is that HAVING can be used only with the SELECT
statement. HAVING is typically used in a GROUP BY clause. When GROUP BY is not
used, HAVING behaves like a WHERE clause. Having Clause is basically used only
with the GROUP BY function in a query whereas WHERE Clause is applied to each
row before they are part of the GROUP BY function in a query.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">10. What are the properties and different Types of
Sub-Queries?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Properties of Sub-Query</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
sub-query must be enclosed in the parenthesis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
sub-query must be put in the right hand of the comparison operator, and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
sub-query cannot contain an ORDER-BY clause.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A
query can contain more than one sub-query.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Types of Sub-Query</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Single-row
sub-query, where the sub-query returns only one row.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Multiple-row
sub-query, where the sub-query returns multiple rows,. and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Multiple
column sub-query, where the sub-query returns multiple columns<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">11. What is SQL Profiler?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">SQL Profiler is a graphical tool that allows system
administrators to monitor events in an instance of Microsoft SQL Server. You
can capture and save data about each event to a file or SQL Server table to
analyze later. For example, you can monitor a production environment to see
which stored procedures are hampering performances by executing too slowly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Use SQL Profiler to monitor only the events in which you
are interested. If traces are becoming too large, you can filter them based on
the information you want, so that only a subset of the event data is collected.
Monitoring too many events adds overhead to the server and the monitoring
process and can cause the trace file or trace table to grow very large,
especially when the monitoring process takes place over a long period of time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">12. What are the authentication modes in SQL Server? How
can it be changed?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Windows mode and Mixed Mode - SQL and Windows. To change
authentication mode in SQL Server click Start, Programs, Microsoft SQL Server
and click SQL Enterprise Manager to run SQL Enterprise Manager from the
Microsoft SQL Server program group. Select the server then from the Tools menu
select SQL Server Configuration Properties, and choose the Security page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">13. Which command using Query Analyzer will give you the version of SQL
server and operating system?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<code><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">SELECT SERVERPROPERTY
('productversion'), SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel'), SERVERPROPERTY
('edition').</span></code><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">14. What is SQL Server Agent?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">SQL Server agent plays an important role in the day-to-day
tasks of a database administrator (DBA). It is often overlooked as one of the
main tools for SQL Server management. Its purpose is to ease the implementation
of tasks for the DBA, with its full- function scheduling engine, which allows
you to schedule your own jobs and scripts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">15. Can a stored procedure call itself or recursive stored procedure?
How much level SP nesting is possible?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Yes. Because Transact-SQL supports recursion, you can
write stored procedures that call themselves. Recursion can be defined as a
method of problem solving wherein the solution is arrived at by repetitively
applying it to subsets of the problem. A common application of recursive logic
is to perform numeric computations that lend themselves to repetitive
evaluation by the same processing steps. Stored procedures are nested when one
stored procedure calls another or executes managed code by referencing a CLR
routine, type, or aggregate. You can nest stored procedures and managed code
references up to 32 levels.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">16. What is Log Shipping?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Log shipping is the process of automating the backup of
database and transaction log files on a production SQL server, and then
restoring them onto a standby server. Enterprise Editions only supports log
shipping. In log shipping the transactional log file from one server is
automatically updated into the backup database on the other server. If one
server fails, the other server will have the same db and can be used this as
the Disaster Recovery plan. The key feature of log shipping is that it will automatically
backup transaction logs throughout the day and automatically restore them on
the standby server at defined interval.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">17. Name 3 ways to get an accurate count of the number of records in a
table?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<code><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">SELECT * FROM table1</span></code><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";"><br />
<code><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table1</span></code></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";"><br />
<code><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">SELECT rows FROM sysindexes WHERE
id = OBJECT_ID(table1) AND indid < 2</span></code></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">18. What does it mean to have QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON? What are the
implications of having it OFF?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">When SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER is ON, identifiers can be
delimited by double quotation marks, and literals must be delimited by single
quotation marks. When SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER is OFF, identifiers cannot be
quoted and must follow all Transact-SQL rules for identifiers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">19. What is the difference between a Local and a Global
temporary table?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A local temporary</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">table exists only for the duration of a connection or, if
defined inside a compound statement, for the duration of the compound
statement.<br />
2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A global temporary</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">table remains in the database permanently, but the rows
exist only within a given connection. When connection is closed, the data in
the global temporary table disappears. However, the table definition remains
with the database for access when database is opened next time.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">20. What is the STUFF function and how does it differ from
the REPLACE function?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">STUFF function is used to overwrite existing characters.
Using this syntax, STUFF (string_expression, start, length,
replacement_characters), string_expression is the string that will have
characters substituted, start is the starting position, length is the number of
characters in the string that are substituted, and replacement_characters are
the new characters interjected into the string. REPLACE function to replace
existing characters of all occurrences. Using the syntax REPLACE
(string_expression, search_string, replacement_string), where every incidence
of search_string found in the string_expression will be replaced with
replacement_string.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">21. What is PRIMARY KEY?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A PRIMARY KEY constraint is a unique identifier for a row
within a database table. Every table should have a primary key constraint to
uniquely identify each row and only one primary key constraint can be created
for each table. The primary key constraints are used to enforce entity
integrity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">22. What is UNIQUE KEY constraint?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A UNIQUE constraint enforces the uniqueness of the values
in a set of columns, so no duplicate values are entered. The unique key
constraints are used to enforce entity integrity as the primary key
constraints.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">23. What is FOREIGN KEY?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A FOREIGN KEY constraint prevents any actions that would
destroy links between tables with the corresponding data values. A foreign key
in one table points to a primary key in another table. Foreign keys prevent
actions that would leave rows with foreign key values when there are no primary
keys with that value. The foreign key constraints are used to enforce
referential integrity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">24. What is CHECK Constraint?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A CHECK constraint is used to limit the values that can be
placed in a column. The check constraints are used to enforce domain integrity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">25. What is NOT NULL Constraint?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">A NOT NULL constraint enforces that the column will not
accept null values. The not null constraints are used to enforce domain
integrity, as the check constraints.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">26. How to get @@ERROR and @@ROWCOUNT at the same time?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">If @@Rowcount is checked after Error checking statement
then it will have 0 as the value of @@Recordcount as it would have been reset.
And if @@Recordcount is checked before the error-checking statement then
@@Error would get reset. To get @@error and @@rowcount at the same time do both
in same statement and store them in local variable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">SELECT @RC = @@ROWCOUNT, @ER = @@ERROR</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">27. What is a Scheduled Jobs or What is a Scheduled Tasks?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Scheduled tasks let user automate processes that run on
regular or predictable cycles. User can schedule administrative tasks, such as
cube processing, to run during times of slow business activity. User can also
determine the order in which tasks run by creating job steps within a SQL Server
Agent job. E.g. back up database, Update Stats of Tables. Job steps give user
control over flow of execution. If one job fails, user can configure SQL Server
Agent to continue to run the remaining tasks or to stop execution.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">28. What are the advantages of using Stored Procedures?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Stored
procedure can reduced network traffic and latency, boosting application
performance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Stored
procedure execution plans can be reused, staying cached in SQL Server's memory,
reducing server overhead.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Stored
procedures help promote code reuse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Stored
procedures can encapsulate logic. You can change stored procedure code without
affecting clients.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Stored
procedures provide better security to your data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">29. What is a table called, if it has neither Cluster nor
Non-cluster Index? What is it used for?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Unindexed table or Heap. Microsoft Press Books and Book on
Line (BOL) refers it as Heap. A heap is a table that does not have a clustered
index and, therefore, the pages are not linked by pointers. The IAM pages are
the only structures that link the pages in a table together. Unindexed tables
are good for fast storing of data. Many times it is better to drop all indexes
from table and then do bulk of inserts and to restore those indexes after that.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">30. Can SQL Servers linked to other servers like Oracle?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">SQL Server can be linked to any server provided it has
OLE-DB provider from Microsoft to allow a link. E.g. Oracle has an OLE-DB
provider for oracle that Microsoft provides to add it as linked server to SQL
Server group.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">31. What is BCP? When does it used?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">BulkCopy is a tool used to copy huge amount of data from
tables and views. BCP does not copy the structures same as source to
destination. BULK INSERT command helps to import a data file into a database
table or view in a user-specified format.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">32. How to implement one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many
relationships while designing tables?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">One-to-One relationship can be implemented as a single
table and rarely as two tables with primary and foreign key relationships.
One-to-Many relationships are implemented by splitting the data into two tables
with primary key and foreign key relationships. Many-to-Many relationships are
implemented using a junction table with the keys from both the tables forming
the composite primary key of the junction table.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">33. What is an execution plan? When would you use it? How would you view
the execution plan?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">An execution plan is basically a road
map that graphically or textually shows the data retrieval methods chosen by
the SQL Server query optimizer for a stored procedure or ad- hoc query and is a
very useful tool for a developer to understand the performance characteristics
of a query or stored procedure since the plan is the one that SQL Server will
place in its cache and use to execute the stored procedure or query. From
within Query Analyzer is an option called "Show Execution Plan"
(located on the Query drop-down menu). If this option is turned on it will
display query execution plan in separate window when query is ran again.<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">34. What is normalization?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Well a relational database is basically composed of tables that
contain related data. So the Process of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">organizing this data into tables is
actually referred to as normalization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">35. What is a Stored Procedure?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It is nothing but a set of T-SQL statements combined to
perform a single task of several tasks. It is basically like a Macro so when
you invoke the Stored procedure, you actually run a set of statements.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">36.Can you give an example of Stored Procedure?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> sp_helpdb
, sp_who2, sp_renamedb are a set of system defined stored procedures. We can
also have user defined stored procedures which can be called in similar way.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">37.What is a trigger?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Triggers
are basically used to implement business rules. Triggers is also similar to
stored procedures. The difference is that it can be activated when data is
added or edited or deleted from a table in a database.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">38.What is a view?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">If we have several tables in a db and we want to view only
specific columns from specific tables we cango for views. It would also suffice
the needs of security some times allowing specfic users to see only specific
columns based on the permission that we can configure on the view. Views also
reduce the effort that is required for writing queries to access specific
columns every time.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">39.What is an Index?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> When
queries are run against a db, an index on that db basically helps in the way
the data is sorted to process the query for faster and data retrievals are much
faster when we have an index.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">40.What are the types of indexes available with SQL Server?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">There are basically two types of indexes that we use with the SQL
Server. Clustered and the Non-Clustered.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">41.What is the basic difference between clustered and a
non-clustered index?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> The
difference is that, Clustered index is unique for any given table and we can
have only one clustered index on a table. The leaf level of a clustered index
is the actual data and the data is resorted in case of clustered index. Whereas
in case of non-clustered index the leaf level is actually a pointer to the data
in rows so we can have as many non-clustered indexes as we can on the db.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">42.What are cursors?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Well
cursors help us to do an operation on a set of data that we retreive by
commands such as Select columns from table. For example : If we have duplicate
records in a table we can remove it by declaring a cursor which would check the
records during retreival one by one and remove rows which have duplicate
values.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">43.When do we use the UPDATE_STATISTICS command?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">This command is basically used when we do a large processing of
data. If we do a large amount of deletions any modification or Bulk Copy into
the tables, we need to basically update the indexes to take these changes into
account. UPDATE_STATISTICS updates the indexes on these tables accordingly.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">44.Which TCP/IP port does SQL Server run on?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> SQL
Server runs on port 1433 but we can also change it for better security.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">45.From where can you change the default port?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> From
the Network Utility TCP/IP properties –> Port number.both on client and the
server.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">46.Can you tell me the difference between DELETE & TRUNCATE
commands?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Delete
command removes the rows from a table based on the condition that we provide
with a WHERE clause. Truncate will actually remove all the rows from a table
and there will be no data in the table after we run the truncate command.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">47.Can we use Truncate command on a table which is referenced by
FOREIGN KEY?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">- No. We cannot use Truncate command on a table with Foreign Key
because of referential integrity.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">48.What is the use of DBCC commands?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">- DBCC stands for database consistency checker. We use these
commands to check the consistency of the databases, i.e., maintenance,
validation task and status checks.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">49.Can you give me some DBCC command options?(Database consistency
check)</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> DBCC
CHECKDB - Ensures that tables in the db and the indexes are correctly linked.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">DBCC CHECKALLOC - To check that all pages in a db are correctly
allocated. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">DBCC SQLPERF - It gives report on current usage of transaction log
in percentage.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> DBCC
CHECKFILEGROUP - Checks all tables file group for any damage.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">50.What command do we use to rename a db?</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">sp_renamedb ‘oldname’ , ‘newname’</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Well sometimes sp_reanmedb may not work you know because if some
one is using the db it will not accept this command so what do you think you
can do in such cases?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> In
such cases we can first bring to db to single user using sp_dboptions and then
we can rename that db and then we can rerun the sp_dboptions command to remove
the single user mode.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">51.What is the difference between a HAVING CLAUSE and a WHERE
CLAUSE?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Having Clause is basically used only
with the GROUP BY function in a query. WHERE Clause is applied to each row
before they are part of the GROUP BY function in a query.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">52.What do you mean by COLLATION?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Collation
is basically the sort order. There are three types of sort order Dictionary
case sensitive</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Dictonary - case insensitive and Binary.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">53.What is a Join in SQL Server?</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">- Join actually puts data from two or
more tables into a single result set.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">54.Can you explain the types of Joins that we can have with Sql
Server?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> There
are three types of joins: Inner Join, Outer Join, Cross Join</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">55.When do you use SQL Profiler?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> SQL
Profiler utility allows us to basically track connections to theSQL Server and
also determine activities such as which SQL Scripts are running, failed jobs
etc..</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">56.What is a Linked Server?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Linked
Servers is a concept in SQL Server by which we can add other SQL Server to a
Group and query both the SQL Server dbs using T-SQL Statements.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">57.Can you link only other SQL Servers or any database servers
such as Oracle?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> We
can link any server provided we have the OLE-DB provider from Microsoft to
allow a link. For Oracle we have a OLE-DB provider for oracle that microsoft
provides to add it as a linked server to the sql server group.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">58.Which stored procedure will you be running to add a linked
server?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> sp_addlinkedserver,
sp_addlinkedsrvlogin</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">59.What are the OS services that the SQL Server installation adds?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> MS
SQL SERVER SERVICE, SQL AGENT SERVICE, DTC (Distribution transac co-ordinator)</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">60.Can you explain the role of each service?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> SQL
SERVER - is for running the databases SQL AGENT - is for automation such as
Jobs, DB Maintanance, Backups DTC - Is for linking and connecting to other SQL
Servers</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">61.How do you troubleshoot SQL Server if its running very slow?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">First check the processor and memory usage to see that processor
is not above 80% utilization and memory not above 40-45% utilization then check
the disk utilization using Performance Monitor, Secondly, use SQL Profiler to
check for the users and current SQL activities and jobs running which might be
a problem. Third would be to run UPDATE_STATISTICS command to update the indexes</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Lets say due to N/W or Security issues client is not able to
connect to server or vice versa. How do you troubleshoot? - First I will look
to ensure that port settings are proper on server and client Network utility
for connections. ODBC is properly configured at client end for connection
——Makepipe & readpipe are utilities to check for connection. Makepipe is
run on Server and readpipe on client to check for any connection issues.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">62.What are the authentication modes in SQL Server?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Windows
mode and mixed mode (SQL & Windows).</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">63.Where do you think the users names and passwords will be stored
in sql server?</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">- They get stored in master db in the
sysxlogins table.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">64.What is log shipping?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Can
we do logshipping with SQL Server 7.0</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> Logshipping
is a new feature of SQL Server 2000. We should have two SQL Server - Enterprise
Editions. From Enterprise Manager we can configure the logshipping. In
logshipping the transactional log file from one server is automatically updated
into the backup database on the other server. If one server fails, the other
server will have the same db and we can use this as the DR (disaster recovery)
plan.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Let us say the SQL Server crashed and you are rebuilding the
databases including the master database what procedure to you follow? - For
restoring the master db we have to stop the SQL Server first and then from
command line we can type SQLSERVER –m which will basically bring it into
the maintenance mode after which we can restore the master db.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Let us say master db itself has no backup. Now you have to rebuild
the db so what kind of action do you take? - (I am not sure- but I think we
have a command to do it).</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">65.What is BCP?</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">When do we use it?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> BulkCopy
is a tool used to copy huge amount of data from tables and views. But it won’t
copy the structures of the same.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA;">
<b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">66.What should we do to copy the tables, schema and views from one
SQL Server to another?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; text-indent: -1.0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> We
have to write some DTS packages for it.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-25798015354907258482014-10-31T10:24:00.002-07:002014-10-31T10:24:36.446-07:00Deployment Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. What is deployment?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Deployment refers to the distribution of an application among
various end-users. It is a process that makes software available for use by
just installing it on the client computer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. List different ways of deployment that are supported by .NET
Framework 4.0.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Windows Installer<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ClickOnce<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XCOPY<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Copy Web Site<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Publish Web Site tool<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. What is XCOPY?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XCOPY</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> enables you to deploy an application by copying the
application directory and all subdirectories to the target computer and then
executing the application on the client. The application starts executing on
the target computer by using its assembly file, which is a self-description
file that contains all the information about the application. The XCOPY
deployment does not make any impact on the target system while configuring the
components and registering entries, and is therefore known as zero-impact
installation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. Does </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XCOPY</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> copy the
hidden and system files?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No. By default, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XCOPY</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> excludes the
hidden and system files. However, you can include the hidden and system files
using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">/h</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> switch.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. Why do you use Windows Installer?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Windows Installer deployment technique allows you to deploy
Windows-based and Web applications by creating a Windows Installer Package. The
installer package has an extension of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.msi</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and it
contains the application, any dependent files, registry entries, and the rest.
The installer package can then be distributed to various end-users by simply
copying it on the target computers.<br />
<br />
The end-users can then run the installer package to install the application
anywhere in their computers. The installation takes place using the
installation wizard; therefore, the users can easily install the application on
their system. Once your application is installed on the target computer,
end-users can open the application from the installed location.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. Can you deploy an ASP.NET Web application project using the
Copy Web Site option?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No. The Copy Web Site option can only be used to deploy the Web
sites.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7. How can you determine whether you should deploy the
application or publish the application?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you want to host the application on a shared hosting
environment, you should use publishing; whereas, if you want to create a Web
application that is downloaded from a Web site, you should deploy the application
to create a setup.exe file.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8. How can you deploy an ASP.NET Web application?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can deploy an ASP.NET Web application using either the
Windows Installer deployment or ClickOnce deployment technique.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9. What is Application Cache?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When a ClickOnce application is installed locally or hosted
online, it is stored in the ClickOnce application cache of the client computer.
The ClickOnce application cache is a set of hidden directories placed under the
Local Settings directory of the current user's Documents and Settings folder.
The application cache contains all the application files, assemblies,
configuration files, application and user settings, and data directory. In case
the ClickOnce applications are hosted online, the size of the ClickOnce application
cache gets limited to a specified amount; whereas, the installed applications
do not restrict to the cache size limitation. The cache storage quota is
responsible to determine the size of the application cache.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10. What are the enhancements in ClickOnce deployment in .NET
4.0?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In .NET 4.0, the ClickOnce deployment technology is enhanced
with the following features:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for .NET Framework 4.0 version</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Creates
applications by using Visual Studio 2010 that can target .NET Framework 4.0 and
its new features.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support for multiple versions of the .NET Framework</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Creates
applications that are compatible with multiple versions of the .NET Framework.
You can specify the target framework for an application as .NET Framework 3.5
or .NET Framework 4 while creating the application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Enhanced logging feature</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Stores logging information
that includes various parameters passed to the ClickOnce runtime, the browser
settings, and ClickOnce security options.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Custom Installer and User Interface</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Allows you
to create a custom graphical user interface for installing and updating the
.exe applications. In addition, the custom installer can have custom dialog
boxes for security and maintenance operations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11. What is the difference between deploying and publishing an
application?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In deployment, you can create a new setup and deployment
project. In this project, you can add the project output and create a setup.exe
file. After creating an executable file, you need to login into the server and
execute the setup.exe file to install the application. On the other hand, in
publishing, you need to right-click the application in the Solution Explorer
and select Publish to publish the application. Then, you specify a location
where the application is to be published. The users can then install the
application from the location where you have published it and run locally even
when the computer is offline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12. What do you mean by Merge Module projects?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Merge Module projects are used to package the files and
components that are shared between multiple applications. The Merge Module
project file contains the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.msm</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> extension. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.msm</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file includes
files, resources, registry entries, and setup logic. This file is merged with a
Windows installer (</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.msi</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">) file to correctly install the shared files. If a single merge
module is used by more than one application, then you need to add that merge
module in the package only once.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13. What is the need of Copy Web Site?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Copy Web Site is a tool used to deploy the Web site by copying
its content files. The Copy Web Site tool also checks whether or not the latest
version of a file is present at the destination. If files of the most recent
version are found at the destination, then the Copy Web Site tool does not
superimpose the older version of files. The Copy Web Site deployment tool
consists of the following main entities:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Project source</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies the source
directory, which contains the contents and references of a Web site at
development time. In simple words, you can say that the project source specifies
the site that you currently have opened in Visual Studio 2010. The Copy Web
Site tool picks all the files for deployment from this location.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Project destination</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies the destination
folder where you have to deploy the application. This destination directory can
be placed on remote computers or servers, which allow you to copy the Web site
contents using the Front Page Server Extensions, FTP, or HTTP protocol
implementations for content transfer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Synchronizing two Web sites</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> -
Synchronizes two Web sites by copying each other's files. Synchronization
checks the files on the local and remote sites and ensures that all files on
both sites are up to date.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14. What is the use of the Copy Project command?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Copy Project command copies only the files required to run
the project and pastes it on the target server. It does not deploy the complete
project; therefore, IIS directory settings are not automatically configured.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15. Can Windows applications and the Web applications be
deployed using the same template of Setup and Deployment project?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No. the Windows applications use the Setup Project template;
whereas, the Web applications use the Web Setup Project template. After the
deployment, their installation takes place in the similar way.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16. Explain the .NET Framework deployment features.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In a general context, .NET Framework includes the following
deployment features:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No-impact applications</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Provides application
isolation and removes DLL conflicts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Private components by default</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables the
components to deploy to the application directory and to be visible only to the
containing application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Side-by-side versioning</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you to select one of
the multiple versions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">XCOPY deployment and replication</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to
the self-descriptive application that is deployed without the need to store
registry entries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">On-the-fly updates</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Allows for the updating of
the DLLs of the remote computers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Integration with the Microsoft Windows Installer</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Makes the
features, such as advertising, publishing, repairing, and install-on-demand
available during deployment of an application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Enterprise deployment</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Eases the
task of software distribution.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Downloading and caching</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies that the downloads
are kept smaller and the components are isolated for application use.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Partially trusted code</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables code-based
identification.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-38417181871473891752014-10-31T10:23:00.004-07:002014-10-31T10:23:59.059-07:00OOP's Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. What is object-oriented programming (OOP)?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">OOP is a technique to develop logical modules, such as classes
that contain properties, methods, fields, and events. An object is created in
the program to represent a class. Therefore, an object encapsulates all the
features, such as data and behavior that are associated to a class. OOP allows
developers to develop modular programs and assemble them as software. Objects
are used to access data and behaviors of different software modules, such as
classes, namespaces, and sharable assemblies. .NET Framework supports only OOP
languages, such as Visual Basic .NET, Visual C#, and Visual C++.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. What is a class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class describes all the attributes of objects, as well as the
methods that implement the behavior of member objects. It is a comprehensive
data type, which represents a blue print of objects. It is a template of
object.<br />
<br />
A class can be defined as the primary building block of OOP. It also serves as
a template that describes the properties, state, and behaviors common to a
particular group of objects.<br />
<br />
A class contains data and behavior of an entity. For example, the aircraft
class can contain data, such as model number, category, and color and behavior,
such as duration of flight, speed, and number of passengers. A class inherits
the data members and behaviors of other classes by extending from them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. What is an object?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">They are instance of classes. It is a basic unit of a system. An
object is an entity that has attributes, behavior, and identity. Attributes and
behavior of an object are defined by the class definition.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. What is the relationship between a class and an object?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class acts as a blue-print that defines the properties,
states, and behaviors that are common to a number of objects. An object is an
instance of the class. For example, you have a class called </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Vehicle</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Car</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is the object
of that class. You can create any number of objects for the class named </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Vehicle</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, such as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Van</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Truck</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Auto</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">new</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> operator is used to create an object of a class. When an
object of a class is instantiated, the system allocates memory for every data
member that is present in the class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. Explain the basic features of OOPs.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following are the four basic features of OOP:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abstraction</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the process of
exposing only the relevant and essential data to the users without showing
unnecessary information.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Polymorphism</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Allows you to use an entity
in multiple forms.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Encapsulation</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Prevents the data from
unwanted access by binding of code and data in a single unit called object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Inheritance</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Promotes the reusability of
code and eliminates the use of redundant code. It is the property through which
a child class obtains all the features defined in its parent class. When a
class inherits the common properties of another class, the class inheriting the
properties is called a derived class and the class that allows inheritance of
its common properties is called a base class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. What is the difference between arrays and collection?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Array</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You need to specify the size of an
array at the time of its declaration. It cannot be resized dynamically.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The members of an array should be of
the same data type.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Collection</b>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The size of a collection can be
adjusted dynamically, as per the user's requirement. It does not have fixed
size.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Collection can have elements of
different types.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7. What
are collections and generics?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A collection can be defined as a group of related items that can
be referred to as a single unit. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Collections</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace
provides you with many classes and interfaces. Some of them are - </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ArrayList</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">List</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Stack</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ICollection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IEnumerable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IDictionary</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. Generics provide
the type-safety to your class at the compile time. While creating a data
structure, you never need to specify the data type at the time of declaration.
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Collections.Generic</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace contains all the
generic collections.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8. How
can you prevent your class to be inherited further?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can prevent a class from being inherited further by defining
it with the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sealed</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">keyword.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9. What
is the index value of the first element in an array?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In an array, the index value of the
first element is </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">0</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (zero).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10. Can
you specify the accessibility modifier for methods inside the interface?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All the methods inside an interface
are always </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, by default. You cannot specify any other access modifier for
them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11. Is it
possible for a class to inherit the constructor of its base class?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No, a class cannot inherit the
constructor of its base class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12. How
is method overriding different from method overloading?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Overriding involves the creation of two or more methods with the
same name and same signature in different classes (one of them should be parent
class and other should be child).<br />
<br />
Overloading is a concept of using a method at different places with same name
and different signatures within the same class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13. What is the difference between a class and a structure?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Class</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class is a reference type.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The members of a class are </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> by default.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">While instantiating a class, CLR
allocates memory for its instance in heap.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Classes support inheritance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Variables of a class can be assigned
as null.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Class can contain
constructor/destructor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Structure</b>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A structure is a value type.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The members of a structure are </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> by default<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In structure, memory is allocated on
stack.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Structures do not support
inheritance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Structure members cannot have null
values.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Structure does not require
constructor/destructor and members can be initialized automatically.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14. What are similarities between a class and a structure.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Structures and classes are the two most important data
structures that are used by programmers to build modular programs by using OOP
languages, such as Visual Basic .NET, and Visual C#. The following are some of
the similarities between a class and a structure:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Access specifiers, such as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, are identically
used in structures and classes to restrict the access of their data and methods
outside their body.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both can have constructors, methods, properties, fields,
constants, enumerations, events, and event handlers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both structures and classes can implement interfaces to use
multiple-inheritance in code.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both structures and classes can have constructors with
parameter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both structures and classes can have delegates and events.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15. What is a multicast delegate?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Each delegate object holds reference to a single method.
However, it is possible for a delegate object to hold references of and invoke
multiple methods. Such delegate objects are called multicast delegates or
combinable delegates.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16. Can you declare an overridden method to be static if the
original method is not static?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No. Two virtual methods must have the same signature.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17. Why is the virtual keyword used in code?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">virtual</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> keyword is used while defining a class to specify that the
methods and the properties of that class can be overridden in derived classes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18. Can you allow a class to be inherited, but prevent a method
from being overridden in C#?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes. Just declare the class </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and make the
method </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sealed</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19. Define enumeration?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Enumeration is defined as a value type that consists of a set of
named values. These values are constants and are called enumerators. An
enumeration type is declared using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">enum</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">keyword. Each
enumerator in an enumeration is associated with an underlying type that is set,
by default, on the enumerator. The following is an example that creates an
enumeration to store different varieties of fruits:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">enum Fruits {Mango, Apple, orange, Guava}; </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<br />
In the preceding example, an enumeration </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fruits</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is created,
where number </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">0</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is associated with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mango</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, number </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Apple</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, number </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Orange</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and number </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Guava</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. You can access
the enumerators of an enumeration by these values.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20. In which namespace, all .NET collection classes are
contained?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Collections</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace contains all the
collection classes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21. Is it a good practice to handle exceptions in code?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, you must handle exceptions in code so that you can deal
with any unexpected situations that occur when a program is running. For
example, dividing a number by zero or passing a string value to a variable that
holds an integer value would result in an exception.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">22. Explain the concept of constructor?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Constructor is a special method of a class, which is called
automatically when the instance of a class is created. It is created with the
same name as the class and initializes all class members, whenever you access
the class. The main features of a constructor are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Constructors do not have any return type<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Constructors are always public<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is not mandatory to declare a constructor; it is invoked
automatically by .NET Framework.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23. Can you inherit private members of a class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No, you cannot inherit </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> members of a
class because </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> members are accessible only to that class and not outside
that class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24. Does .NET support multiple inheritance?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.NET does not support multiple inheritance directly because in
.NET, a class cannot inherit from more than one class. .NET supports multiple
inheritance through interfaces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25. How has exception handling changed in .NET Framework 4.0?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In .NET 4.0, a new namespace, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Runtime.ExceptionServices</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, has been
introduced which contains the following classes for handling exceptions in a
better and advanced manner:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HandleProcessCorruptedStateExceptionsAttribute</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Class -
Enables managed code to handle the corrupted state exceptions that occur in an
operating system. These exceptions cannot be caught by specifying the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">try...catch</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block. To
handle such exceptions, you can apply this attribute to the method that is
assigned to handle these exceptions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FirstChanceExceptionEventArgs</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Class - Generates an event
whenever a managed exception first occurs in your code, before the common
language runtime begins searching for event handlers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26. What is a delegate?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A delegate is similar to a class that is used for storing the
reference to a method and invoking that method at runtime, as required. A
delegate can hold the reference of only those methods whose signatures are same
as that of the delegate. Some of the examples of delegates are type-safe
functions, pointers, or callbacks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27. What is the syntax to inherit from a class in C#?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When a class is derived from another class, then the members of
the base class become the members of the derived class. The access modifier
used while accessing members of the base class specifies the access status of
the base class members inside the derived class.<br />
<br />
The syntax to inherit a class from another class in C# is as follows:<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">class MyNewClass : MyBaseclass</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28. State the features of an interface.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An interface is a template that contains only the signature of
methods. The signature of a method consists of the numbers of parameters, the
type of parameter (value, reference, or output), and the order of parameters.
An interface has no implementation on its own because it contains only the
definition of methods without any method body. An interface is defined using
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">interface</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> keyword. Moreover, you cannot instantiate an interface.
The various features of an interface are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An interface is used to implement multiple inheritance in code.
This feature of an interface is quite different from that of abstract classes
because a class cannot derive the features of more than one class but can
easily implement multiple interfaces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It defines a specific set of methods and their arguments.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Variables in interface must be declared as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">static</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">final</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> while methods
must be </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">abstract</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class implementing an interface must implement all of its
methods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An interface can derive from more than one interface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29. Can you use the 'throws' clause to raise an exception?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">throws</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> clause cannot be used to raise
an exception. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">throw</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> statement signals the occurrence of an exception during
the execution of a program. When the program encounters a</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">throw</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> statement,
the method terminates and returns the error to the calling method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30. Define an array.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An array is defined as a homogeneous collection of elements,
stored at contiguous memory locations, which can be referred by the same
variable name. All the elements of an array variable can be accessed by index
values. An Index value specifies the position of a particular element in an
array variable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">31. What are methods?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Methods are the building blocks of a class, in which they are
linked together to share and process data to produce the result. In other
words, a method is a block of code that contains a series of statements and
represents the behavior of a class. While declaring a method you need to
specify the access specifier, the return value, the name of the method, and the
method parameters. All these combined together is called the signature of the
method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">32. What is a namespace?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Namespace is considered as a container that contains
functionally related group of classes and other types.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33. Do events have return type?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No, events do not have return type.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">34. What is the function of the Try-Catch-Finally block?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">try</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block encloses those statements that can cause exception
and the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">catch</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block handles the exception, if it occurs. Catch block
contains the statements that have to be executed, when an exception occurs. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">finally</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block always
executes, irrespective of the fact whether or not an exception has occurred.
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">finally</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block is generally used to perform the cleanup process. If
any exception occurs in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">try</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block, the
program control directly transfers to its corresponding </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">catch</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block and
later to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">finally</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block. If no exception occurs inside the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">try</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block, then
the program control transfers directly to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">finally</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">35. How can you prevent a class from overriding in C# and Visual
Basic?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can prevent a class from overriding in C# by using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sealed</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> keyword;
whereas, the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NotInheritable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> keyword is used to prevent a class from overriding
in Visual Basic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">36. What are abstract classes? What are the distinct
characteristics of an abstract class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and is
always used as a base class.<br />
The following are the characteristics of an abstract class:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You cannot instantiate an abstract class directly. This implies
that you cannot create an object of the abstract class; it must be inherited.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can have abstract as well as non-abstract members in an
abstract class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You must declare at least one abstract method in the abstract
class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An abstract class is always public.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An abstract class is declared using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">abstract</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> keyword.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The basic purpose of an abstract class is to provide a common definition of the
base class that multiple derived classes can share.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">37. Give a brief description of properties in C# and the
advantages that are obtained by using them in programs.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In C#, a property is a way to expose an internal data element of
a class in a simple and intuitive manner. In other words, it is a simple
extension of data fields. You can create a property by defining an externally
available name and then writing the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">set</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">get</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property
accessors. The get property accessor is used to return the property value. The
set property accessor is used to assign a new value to the property.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">38. Explain different types of inheritance.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Inheritance in OOP is of four types:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Single inheritance</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Contains one base class and
one derived class<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hierarchical inheritance</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Contains one base class and
multiple derived classes of the same base class<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Multilevel inheritance</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Contains a class derived from
a derived class<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Multiple inheritance</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Contains several base classes
and a derived class<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All .NET languages supports single, hierarchical, and multilevel
inheritance. They do not support multiple inheritance because in these
languages, a derived class cannot have more than one base class. However, you
can implement multiple inheritance in.NET through interfaces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">39. You have defined a destructor in a class that you have
developed by using the C# programming language, but the destructor never
executed. Why did the destructor not execute?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The runtime environment automatically invokes the destructor of
a class to release the resources that are occupied by variables and methods of
an object. However, in C#, programmers cannot control the timing for invoking
destructors, as Garbage Collector is only responsible for releasing the
resources used by an object. Garbage Collector automatically gets information
about unreferenced objects from .NET's runtime environment and then invokes the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Finalize()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method.<br />
<br />
Although, it is not preferable to force Garbage Collector to perform garbage
collection and retrieve all inaccessible memory, programmers can use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Collect()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method of the
Garbage Collector class to forcefully execute Garbage Collector.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">40. What is a hashtable?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hashtable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is a data structure that implements the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IDictionary</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> interface. It
is used to store multiple items and each of these items is associated with a
unique string key. Each item can be accessed using the key associated with it.
In short, hashtable is an object holding the key-value pairs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">41. Can users define their own exceptions in code?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, customized exceptions can be defined in code by deriving
from the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Exception</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">42. Is it possible to execute two catch blocks?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You are allowed to include more than one </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">catch</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block in your
program; however, it is not possible to execute them in one go. Whenever, an
exception occurs in your program, the correct</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">catch</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block is
executed and the control goes to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">finally</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">43. What do you mean by data encapsulation?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Data encapsulation is a concept of binding data and code in
single unit called object and hiding all the implementation details of a class
from the user. It prevents unauthorized access of data and restricts the user
to use the necessary data only.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">44. What is the difference between procedural and
object-oriented programming?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Procedural programming is based upon the modular approach in
which the larger programs are broken into procedures. Each procedure is a set
of instructions that are executed one after another. On the other hand, OOP is
based upon objects. An object consists of various elements, such as methods and
variables.<br />
<br />
Access modifiers are not used in procedural programming, which implies that the
entire data can be accessed freely anywhere in the program. In OOP, you can
specify the scope of a particular data by using access modifiers - </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">internal</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> internal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">45. Explain the concept of destructor?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A destructor is a special method for a class and is invoked automatically
when an object is finally destroyed. The name of the destructor is also same as
that of the class but is followed by a prefix tilde (~).<br />
<br />
A destructor is used to free the dynamic allocated memory and release the
resources. You can, however, implement a custom method that allows you to
control object destruction by calling the destructor.<br />
<br />
The main features of a destructor are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Destructors do not have any return type<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Similar to constructors, destructors are also always public<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Destructors cannot be overloaded.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">46. Can you declare a private class in a namespace?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The classes in a namespace are </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">internal</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, by default.
However, you can explicitly declare them as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">public</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> only and not
as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, or </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected internal</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The nested classes can be declared
as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">private</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, or </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">protected internal</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">47. A structure in C# can implement one or more interfaces. Is
it true or false?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, it is true. Like classes, in C#, structures can implement
one or more interfaces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">48. What is a static constructor?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Static constructors are introduced with C# to initialize the
static data of a class. CLR calls the static constructor before the first
instance is created.<br />
<br />
The static constructor has the following features:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">No access specifier is required to define it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You cannot pass parameters in static constructor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class can have only one static constructor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It can access only static members of the class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is invoked only once, when the program execution begins.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">49. What are the different ways a method can be overloaded?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The different ways to overload a method are given as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">By changing the number of parameters used<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">By changing the order of parameters<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">By using different data types for the parameters<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">50. Differentiate between an abstract class and an interface.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abstract Class</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class can extend only one abstract
class<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The members of abstract class can be
private as well as protected.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Abstract classes should have
subclasses<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Any class can extend an abstract
class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Methods in abstract class can be
abstract as well as concrete.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There can be a constructor for
abstract class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The class extending the abstract
class may or may not implement any of its method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An abstract class can implement
methods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Interface</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A class can implement several
interfaces<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An interface can only have public
members.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Interfaces must have implementations
by classes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Only an interface can extend another
interface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All methods in an interface should be
abstract<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Interface does not have constructor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All methods of interface need to be
implemented by a class implementing that interface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Interfaces cannot contain body of any
of its method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">51. What are queues and stacks?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Stacks refer to a list in which all items are accessed and
processed on the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) basis. In a stack, elements are
inserted (push operation) and deleted (pop operation) from the same end called <b>top</b>.<br />
<br />
Queues refer to a list in which insertion and deletion of an item is done on
the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) basis. The items in a queue are inserted from the
one end, called the <b>rear</b> end, and are deleted from the other
end, called the <b>front</b> end of the queue.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">52. Define an event.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Whenever an action takes place in a class, that class provides a
notification to other classes or objects that are assigned to perform
particular tasks. These notifications are called events. For example, when a
button is clicked, the class generates an event called Click. An event can be
declared with the help of the event keyword.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">53. What are structures?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Structure is a heterogeneous collection of elements referenced
by the same name. A structure is declared using the struct keyword. The
following is an example that creates a structure to store an employee's
information:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">struct emp</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">{</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fixed int empID[15];</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fixed char name[30];</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fixed char addr[50];</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fixed char dept[15];</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> fixed char desig[15];</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #F8F8F8; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">}</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The preceding example defines a structure </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">emp</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and the
members of this structure specify the information of an employee.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">54. When do you really need to create an abstract class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We define abstract classes when we define a template that needs
to be followed by all the derived classes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-22006234837963046912014-10-31T10:23:00.000-07:002014-10-31T10:23:00.376-07:00ADO.Net Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. What is the full form of ADO?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The full form of ADO is ActiveX Data Object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2. Explain ADO.NET in brief.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ADO.NET is a very important feature of .NET Framework, which is
used to work with data that is stored in structured data sources, such as
databases and XML files. The following are some of the important features of
ADO.NET:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Contains a number of classes that provide you with various
methods and attributes to manage the communication between your application and
data source.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Enables you to access different data sources, such as Microsoft
SQL Server, and XML, as per your requirements.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Provides a rich set of features, such as connection and commands
that can be used to develop robust and highly efficient data services in .NET
applications.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Provides various data providers that are specific to databases
produced by various vendors. For example, ADO.NET has a separate provider to
access data from Oracle databases; whereas, another provider is used to access
data from SQL databases.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. What are major difference between classic ADO and ADO.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Following are some major differences between both<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In ADO we have recordset and in ADO.NET we have dataset.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In recordset we can only have one table. If we want to
accommodate more than one tables. We need to do inner join and fill the
recordset. Dataset can have multiple tables.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All data persist in XML as compared to classic ADO where data
persisted in Binary format also.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4. What are the two fundamental objects in ADO.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> are the two fundamental objects
in ADO.NET.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. What are the benefits of using of ADO.NET in .NET 4.0.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following are the benefits of using ADO.NET in .NET 4.0 are
as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Language-Integrated Query (LINQ)</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Adds native
data-querying capabilities to .NET languages by using a syntax similar to that
of SQL. This means that LINQ simplifies querying by eliminating the need to use
a separate query language. LINQ is an innovative technology that was introduced
in .NET Framework 3.5.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ to DataSet</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Allows you to implement LINQ
queries for disconnected data stored in a dataset. LINQ to DataSet enables you
to query data that is cached in a DataSet object. DataSet objects allow you to
use a copy of the data stored in the tables of a database, without actually
getting connected to the database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LINQ to SQL</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Allows you to create queries
for data stored in SQL server database in your .NET application. You can use
the LINQ to SQL technology to translate a query into a SQL query and then use
it to retrieve or manipulate data contained in tables of an SQL Server
database. LINQ to SQL supports all the key functions that you like to perform
while working with SQL, that is, you can insert, update, and delete information
from a table.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SqlClient Support for SQL Server 2008</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies
that with the starting of .NET Framework version 3.5 Service Pack (SP) 1, .NET
Framework Data Provider for SQL Server (</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.SqlClient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace)
includes all the new features that make it fully compatible with SQL Server
2008 Database Engine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ADO.NET Data Platform</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies that with the
release of .NET Framework 3.5 Service Pack (SP) 1, an Entity Framework 3.5 was
introduced that provides a set of Entity Data Model (EDM) functions. These functions
are supported by all the data providers; thereby, reducing the amount of coding
and maintenance in your application. In .NET Framework 4.0, many new functions,
such as string, aggregate, mathematical, and date/time functions have been
added.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. Which namespaces are required to enable the use of databases
in ASP.NET pages?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following namespaces are required to enable the use of
databases in ASP.NET pages:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.OleDb</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace (to use any data
provider, such as Access, Oracle, or SQL)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.SQLClient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace (specifically to use
SQL as the data provider)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.
Explain the </span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter.Update()</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSetAcceptChanges()</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> methods.<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter.Update()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method calls
any of the DML statements, such as the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UPDATE</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">INSERT</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, or </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DELETE</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> statements,
as the case may be to update, insert, or delete a row in a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet.Acceptchanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method
reflects all the changes made to the row since the last time the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AcceptChanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method was
called.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8. What
is the meaning of object pooling?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Object pooling is a
concept of storing a pool (group) of objects in memory that can be reused later
as needed. Whenever, a new object is required to create, an object from the
pool can be allocated for this request; thereby, minimizing the object
creation. A pool can also refer to a group of connections and threads. Pooling,
therefore, helps in minimizing the use of system resources, improves system
scalability, and performance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9. Which
properties are used to bind a </span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataGridView</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property and
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataMember</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property are used to bind a</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataGridView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10. What
property must be set and what method must be called in your code to bind the
data from some data source to the Repeater control?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You must set the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSource</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property and
call the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataBind()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11.
Mention the namespace that is used to include .NET Data Provider for SQL server
in .NET code.<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.SqlClient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12. What
is the difference between OLEDB Provider and SqlClient?<span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">With respect to
usage, there is no difference between OLEDB Provider and SqlClient. The
difference lies in their performance. SqlClient is explicitly used to connect
your application to SQL server directly, OLEDB Provider is generic for various
databases, such as Oracle and Access including SQL Server.<br />
<br />
Therefore, there will be an overhead which leads to performance degradation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13. Name the two properties of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GridView</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control that
have to be specified to turn on sorting and paging.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The properties of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GridView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control that
need to be specified to turn on sorting and paging are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AllowSorting</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of the Gridview control indicates whether
sorting is enabled or not. You should set the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AllowSorting</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">True</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to enable
sorting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AllowPaging</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Gridview</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
indicates whether paging is enabled or not. You should set the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AllowPaging</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">True</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to enable
paging.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14. Mention different types of data providers available in .NET
Framework.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.NET Framework Data Provider for SQL Server - Provides access to
Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 or later version. It uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.SqlClient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.NET Framework Data Provider for OLE DB - Provides access to
databases exposed by using OLE DB. It uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.OleDb</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.NET Framework Data Provider for ODBC - Provides access to
databases exposed by using ODBC. It uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.Odbc</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.NET Framework Data Provider for Oracle - Provides access to
Oracle database 8.1.7 or later versions. It uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Data.OracleClient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15. Which architecture does Datasets follow?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Datasets follow the disconnected data architecture.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16. What is the role of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object in
ADO.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">One of the major component of ADO.NET is the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object, which
always remains disconnected from the database and reduces the load on the
database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17. What is a </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object helps in retrieving the data from a database in a forward-only,
read-only mode. The base class for all the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects is
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DbDataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object is returned as a result of calling the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ExecuteReader()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method of the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object
enables faster retrieval of data from databases and enhances the performance of
.NET applications by providing rapid data access speed. However, it is less
preferred as compared to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object
because the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object needs an Open connection till it completes reading
all the rows of the specified table.<br />
<br />
An Open connection to read data from large tables consumes most of the system
resources. When multiple client applications simultaneously access a database
by using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">object, the performance of data retrieval and other related
processes is substantially reduced. In such a case, the database might refuse
connections to other .NET applications until other clients free the resources.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18. How can you identify whether or not any changes are made to
the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object since it was last loaded?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object provides the following two methods to track down
the changes:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GetChanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method - Returns the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object, which
is changed since it was loaded or since the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AcceptChanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method was
executed.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HasChanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method - Indicates if any changes occurred since the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">object was loaded
or after a call to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AcceptChanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method was made.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
If you want to revert all changes since the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object was
loaded, use the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RejectChanges()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19. Which property is used to check whether a </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is closed or
opened?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IsClosed</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property is used to check whether a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is closed or
opened. This property returns a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">true</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> value if a
Data Reader is closed, otherwise a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">false</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> value is returned.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20. Name the method that needs to be invoked on the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control to
fill the generated </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> with data?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fill()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method is used to fill the dataset with data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21. What is the use of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connection</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object is used to connect your application to a specific
data source by providing the required authentication information in connection
string. The connection object is used according to the type of the data source.
For example, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">OleDbConnection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object is used with an OLE-DB provider and the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SqlConnection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object is
used with an MS SQL Server.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">22. What is the use of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CommandBuilder</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CommandBuilder</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class is used to automatically update a database
according to the changes made in a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<br />
<br />
This class automatically registers itself as an event listener to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RowUpdating</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> event.
Whenever data inside a row changes, the object of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CommandBuilder</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class
automatically generates an SQL statement and uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SelectCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to
commit the changes made in </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<br />
<br />
OLEDB provider in .NET Framework has the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">OleDbCommandBuiider</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class;
whereas, the SQL provider has the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SqlCommandBuilder</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23. Explain the architecture of ADO.NET in brief.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AD0.NET consists of two fundamental components:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, which is disconnected from the data source and does not need
to know where the data that it holds is retrieved from.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The .net data provider, which allows you to connect your
application to the data source and execute the SQL commands against it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The data provider contains the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">objects. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object
provides connectivity to the database. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object
provides access to database commands to retrieve and manipulate data in a
database. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object retrieves data from the database in the readonly
and forward-only mode. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object uses </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects to
execute SQL commands. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">object loads the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object with
data and also updates changes that you have made to the data in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object back
to the database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24. Describe the disconnected architecture of ADO.NET's data
access model.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ADO.NET maintains a disconnected database access model, which
means, the application never remains connected constantly to the data source.
Any changes and operations done on the data are saved in a local copy (dataset)
that acts as a data source. Whenever, the connection to the server is
re-established, these changes are sent back to the server, in which these
changes are saved in the actual database or data source.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25. What are the usages of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object in
ADO.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following are
the usages of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object in AD0.NET:<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object in AD0.NET executes a command against the database
and retrieves a</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> or </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It also executes the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">INSERT</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UPDATE</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, or </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DELETE</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> command
against the database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All the command objects are derived from the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DbCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The command object is represented by two classes: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SqlCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">OleDbCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object provides three methods to execute commands on the
database:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo9; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ExecuteNonQuery()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method executes the commands
and does not return any value.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo9; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ExecuteScalar()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method returns a single value from a database query.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo9; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ExecuteReader()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method returns a result set by using the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataReader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26. What are the pre-requisites for connection pooling?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The prerequisites for connection pooling are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There must be multiple processes to share the same connection
describing the same parameters and security settings.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The connection string must be identical.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27. What is connection pooling?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connection pooling refers to the task of grouping database
connections in cache to make them reusable because opening new connections
every time to a database is a time-consuming process. Therefore, connection
pooling enables you to reuse already existing and active database connections,
whenever required, and increasing the performance of your application.<br />
<br />
You can enable or disable connection pooling in your application by setting the
pooling property to either true or false in connection string. By default, it
is enabled in an application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28. What are the various methods provided by the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object to
generate XML?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The various methods provided by the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object to
generate XML are:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ReadXml()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Reads XML document into a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GetXml()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Returns a string containing an XML document.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">WriteXml()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Writes an XML data to disk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29. Out of Windows authentication and SQL Server authentication,
which authentication technique is considered as a trusted authentication
method?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Windows authentication technique is considered as a trusted
authentication method because the username and password are checked with the
Windows credentials stored in the Active Directory.<br />
<br />
The SQL Server Authentication technique is not trusted as all the values are
verified by SQL Server only.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30. How would you connect to a database by using .NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The connection class is used to connect a .NET application with
a database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">31. Which adapter should you use, if you want to get the data
from an Access database?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">OleDbDataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is used to get the data from an Access database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">32. Which object is used to add a relationship between two </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRelation</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object is used to add relationship between two </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33. What are different types of authentication techniques that
are used in connection strings to connect .NET applications with Microsoft SQL
Server?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.NET applications can use two different techniques to authenticate
and connect with SQL Server. These techniques are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Windows Authentication option<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The SQL Server Authentication option<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">34. Explain the new features in ADO.NET Entity Framework 4.0.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ADO.NET Entity Framework 4.0 is introduced in .NET Framework 4.0
and includes the following new features:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Persistence Ignorance</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Facilitates you to define
your own Plain Old CLR Objects (POCO) which are independent of any specific
persistence technology.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Deferred or Lazy Loading</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies that related entities
can be loaded automatically whenever required. You can enable lazy loading in
your application by setting the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DeferredLoadingEnabled</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to
true.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Self-Tracking Entities</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Refers to the entities that
are able to track their own changes. These changes can be passed across process
boundaries and saved to the database.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Model-First Development</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Allows you to create your own
EDM and then generate relational model (database) from that EDM with matching
tables and relations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Built-in Functions</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you to use built-in
SQL Server functions directly in your queries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Model-Defined Functions</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Enables you to use the
functions that are defined in conceptual schema definition language (CSDL).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">35. What is the difference between the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Clone()</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Copy()</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> methods of
the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Clone()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method copies only the structure of a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The copied
structure includes all the relation, constraint, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> schemas used
by the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Clone()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method does not copy the data,
which is stored in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Copy()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method copies the structure as well as the data stored in
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">36. What is the use of </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">User-defined view of a table is contained in a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. A complete table
or a small section of table depending on some criteria can be presented by an
object of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class. You can use this class to sort and find data within </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class has the following methods:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Find()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Finds a row in a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> by using sort
key value.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FindRows()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Uses the sort key value to match it with the columns of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRowView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects. It
returns an array of all the corresponding objects of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRowView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> whose columns
match with the sort key value.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AddNew()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Adds a new row to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Delete()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Deletes the specified row from the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object
according to the specified index.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">37. What are the parameters that control most of connection
pooling behaviors?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The parameters that control most of connection pooling behaviors
are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Connect Timeout<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Max Pool Size<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Min Pool Size<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pooling<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">38. How can you add or remove rows from the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object of </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRowCollection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class defines the collection of
rows for the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object in a</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class
provides the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NewRow()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method to add a new </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRow</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NewRow</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method
creates a new row, which implements the same schema as applied to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. The following are
the methods provided by the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRowCollection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Add()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Adds a new row to </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRowCollection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Remove()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">- Removes a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRow</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object from </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataRowCollection</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RemoveAt()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Removes a row whose location is specified by an index
number.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">39. Explain in brief DataAdapter class in ADO.NET.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class retrieves data from the database, stores data
in a dataset, and reflects the changes made in the dataset to the database. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class acts as
an intermediary for all the communication between the database and the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Class is used
to fill a </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataTable</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> or </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataSet</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Object with data from the database
using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fill()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class applies
the changes made in dataset to the database by calling the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Update()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DataAdapter</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class provides four properties that represent the
database command:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SelectCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">InsertCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DeleteCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">UpdateCommand</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-7710468435103474782014-10-31T10:22:00.001-07:002014-10-31T10:22:25.913-07:00ASP.Net Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1. <b>What
is ASP?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Active Server Pages (ASP), also known as Classic ASP, is a
Microsoft's server-side technology, which helps in creating dynamic and
user-friendly Web pages. It uses different scripting languages to create
dynamic Web pages, which can be run on any type of browser. The Web pages are
built by using either VBScript or JavaScript and these Web pages have access to
the same services as Windows application, including ADO (ActiveX Data Objects)
for database access, SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) for e-mail, and the
entire COM (Component Object Model) structure used in the Windows environment.
ASP is implemented through a dynamic-link library (asp.dll) that is called by
the IIS server when a Web page is requested from the server.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<b> What
is ASP.NET?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET is a specification developed by Microsoft to create
dynamic Web applications, Web sites, and Web services. It is a part of .NET
Framework. You can create ASP.NET applications in most of the .NET compatible
languages, such as Visual Basic, C#, and J#. The ASP.NET compiles the Web pages
and provides much better performance than scripting languages, such as
VBScript. The Web Forms support to create powerful forms-based Web pages. You
can use ASP.NET Web server controls to create interactive Web applications.
With the help of Web server controls, you can easily create a Web application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3. <b>What
is the basic difference between ASP and ASP.NET?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The basic difference between ASP and ASP.NET is that ASP is
interpreted; whereas, ASP.NET is compiled. This implies that since ASP uses
VBScript; therefore, when an ASP page is executed, it is interpreted. On the
other hand, ASP.NET uses .NET languages, such as C# and VB.NET, which are
compiled to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<b> In
which event are the controls fully loaded?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page load event guarantees that all controls are fully loaded.
Controls are also accessed in</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page_Init</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> events but you will see that
view state is not fully loaded during this event<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5. <b>How
can we identify that the Page is Post Back?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page object has an "</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IsPostBack</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">" property,
which can be checked to know that is the page posted back.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6. <b>What
is the lifespan for items stored in ViewState?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The items stored in </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> live until
the lifetime of the current page expires including the postbacks to the same
page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7. How information about the user's locale can be accessed?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The information regarding a user's locale can be accessed by
using the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Web.UI.Page.Culture</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8. What is the difference between SQL notification and SQL
invalidation?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The SQL cache notification generates notifications when the data
of a database changes, on which your cache item depends. The SQL cache
invalidation makes a cached item invalid when the data stored in a SQL server
database changes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9. Which is the parent class of the Web server control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Web.Ul.Control</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class is the parent class for
all Web server controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10. Can you set which type of comparison you want to perform by
the</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CompareValidator</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, by setting the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Operator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CompareValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11. What is the behavior of a Web browser when it receives an
invalid element?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The behavior of a Web browser when it receives an invalid
element depends on the browser that you use to browse your application. Most of
the browsers ignore the invalid element; whereas, some of them display the
invalid elements on the page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">12. What are the advantages of the code-behind feature?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The code-behind feature of ASP.NET offers a number of
advantages:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l54 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Makes code easy to understand and debug by separating
application logic from HTML tags<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l54 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Provides the isolation of effort between graphic designers and
software engineers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l54 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Removes the problems of browser incompatibility by providing
code files to exist on the Web server and supporting Web pages to be compiled
on demand.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">13.<b> How
do you sign out from forms authentication?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FormsAuthentication.Signout()</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method is used to sign out from the forms
authentication.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">14. <b>What
is AutoPostBack?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you want a control to postback automatically
when an event is raised, you need to set the</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AutoPostBack</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of the control to </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">True</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">15.<b> What
is the function of the ViewState property?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The ASP.NET 4.0 introduced a new property
called </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewStateMode</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> for
the </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Control</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class.
Now you can enable the view state to an individual control even if the view
state for an ASP.NET page is disabled.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">16. <b>Why
do you use the </b></span><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">App_Code</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> folder in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">App_Code</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> folder is automatically present in the project. It
stores the files, such as classes, typed data set, text files, and reports. If
this folder is not available in the application, you can add this folder. One
of the important features of the </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">App_Code</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> folder is that only one dll is created for the
complete folder, irrespective of how many files it contains.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">17. <b>Define
a multilingual Web site.</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A multilingual Web site serves content in a
number of languages. It contains multiple copies for its content and other
resources, such as date and time, in different languages.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">18.<b> What
is an ASP.NET Web Form?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET Web forms are designed to use
controls and features that are almost as powerful as the ones used with Windows
forms, and so they are called as Web forms. The Web form uses a server-side
object model that allows you to create functional controls, which are executed
on the server and are rendered as HTML on the client. The attribute, </span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">runat="server"</span><span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,
associated with a server control indicates that the Web form must be processed
on the server.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">19. What is the difference between a default skin and a named
skin?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The default skin is applied to all the Web server controls in a
Web form, which are of similar type, and it does not provide a Skin ID
attribute. The named skin provides a Skin ID attribute and users have to set
the Skin ID property to apply it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">20. What is IIS? Why is it used?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Internet Information Services (IIS) is created by Microsoft to
provide Internet-based services to ASP.NET Web applications. It makes your
computer to work as a Web server and provides the functionality to develop and
deploy Web applications on the server. IIS handles the request and response
cycle on the Web server. It also offers the services of SMTP and FrontPage
server extensions. The SMTP is used to send emails and use FrontPage server
extensions to get the dynamic features of IIS, such as form handler.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">21. What is Query String? What are its advantages and
limitations?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Query String helps in sending the page information to the
server.<br />
<br />
The Query String has the following advantages: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Every browser works with Query Strings. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It does not require server resources and so does not exert any
kind of burden on the server.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The following are the limitations of Query String:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Information must be within the limit because URL does not
support many characters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l43 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Information is clearly visible to the user, which leads to
security threats.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">22. What is actually returned from server to the browser when a
browser requests an .aspx file and the file is displayed?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When a browser requests an </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.aspx</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file then the
server returns a response, which is rendered into a HTML string.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">23. How can you display all validation messages in one control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ValidationSummary</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control displays all validation
messages in one control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">24. Which two new properties are added in ASP.NET 4.0 Page
class?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The two new properties added in the Page class are </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MetaKeyword</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MetaDescription</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">25. <b>What
is tracing? Where is it used?</b><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tracing displays the details about how the code was executed. It
refers to collecting information about the application while it is running.
Tracing information can help you to troubleshoot an application. It enables you
to record information in various log files about the errors that might occur at
run time. You can analyze these log files to find the cause of the errors.<br />
<br />
In .NET, we have objects called Trace Listeners. A listener is an object that
gets the trace output and stores it to different places, such as a window, a
file on your locale drive, or a SQL Server.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Diagnostics</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespace contains the
predefined interfaces, classes, and structures that are used for tracing. It
supplies two classes, Trace and Debug, which allow you to write errors and logs
related to the application execution. Trace listeners are objects that collect
the output of tracing processes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">26. What
is the difference between authentication and authorization?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Authentication verifies the identity of a user and authorization
is a process where you can check whether or not the identity has access rights
to the system. In other words, you can say that authentication is a procedure
of getting some credentials from the users and verify the user's identity
against those credentials. Authorization is a procedure of granting access of
particular resources to an authenticated user. You should note that authentication
always takes place before authorization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">27. How
can you register a custom server control to a Web page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can register a custom server control to a Web page using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">@Register</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> directive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">28. Which
ASP.NET objects encapsulate the state of the client and the browser?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> object encapsulates the state of the client and browser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">29.
Differentiate globalization and localization.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The globalization is a technique to identify the specific part
of a Web application that is different for different languages and make
separate that portion from the core of the Web application. The localization is
a procedure of configuring a Web application to be supported for a specific
language or locale.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">30. What
is </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is a feature used by ASP.NET Web page to store the value
of a page and its controls just before posting the page. Once the page is
posted, the first task by the page processing is to restore the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to get the
values of the controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">31. Which
method is used to force all the validation controls to run?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page.Validate()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method is used to force all the validation controls
to run and to perform validation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">32. Which
method has been introduced in ASP.NET 4.0 to redirect a page permanently?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RedirectPermanent()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method added in ASP.NET 4.0 to
redirect a page permanently. The following code snippet is an example of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RedirectPermanent()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RedirectPermanent("/path/Aboutus.aspx");</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">33. How
can you send an email message from an ASP.NET Web page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Net.Mail.MailMessage</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Net.Mail.SmtpMail</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">classes to send an
email in your Web pages. In order to send an email through your mail server,
you need to create an object of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SmtpClient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class and set
the server name, port, and credentials.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">34. What
is the difference between the </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response.Write()</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response.Output.Write()</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">methods?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response.Write()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method allows you to write the normal output;
whereas, the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response.Output.Write()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method allows you to write the
formatted output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">35. What
does the Orientation property do in a Menu control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Orientation property of the Menu control sets the horizontal or
vertical display of a menu on a Web page. By default, the orientation is
vertical.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">36.
Differentiate between client-side and server-side validations in Web pages.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Client-side validations take place at the client end with the
help of JavaScript and VBScript before the Web page is sent to the server. On
the other hand, server-side validations take place at the server end.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">37. How does a content page differ from a master page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A content page does not have complete HTML source code; whereas
a master page has complete HTML source code inside its source file.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">38. Suppose you want an ASP.NET function (client side) executed
on the MouseOver event of a button. Where do you add an event handler?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The event handler is added to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Add()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method of the
Attributes property.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">39. What is the default timeout for a Cookie?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The default time duration for a Cookie is 30 minutes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">40. What are HTTP handlers in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HTTP handlers, as the name suggests, are used to handle user
requests for Web application resources. They are the backbone of the
request-response model of Web applications. There is a specific event handler
to handle the request for each user request type and send back the
corresponding response object.<br />
<br />
Each user requests to the IIS Web server flows through the HTTP pipeline, which
refers to a series of components (HTTP modules and HTTP handlers) to process
the request. HTTP modules act as filters to process the request as it passes
through the HTTP pipeline. The request, after passing through the HTTP modules,
is assigned to an HTTP handler that determines the response of the server to
the user request. The response then passes through the HTTP modules once again
and is then sent back to the user.<br />
<br />
You can define HTTP handlers in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><httpHandlers></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> element of a
configuration file. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><add></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> element tag is used to add new handlers and the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><remove></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> element tag
is used to remove existing handlers. To create an HTTP handler, you need to
define a class that implements the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IHttpHandler</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> interface.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">41. What are the events that happen when a client requests an
ASP.NET page from IIS server?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following events happen when a client requests an ASP.NET
page from the IIS server:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">User requests for an application
resource.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The integrated request-processing
pipeline receives the first user request.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects are
created for each user request.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An object of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HttpApplication</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class is
created and allocated to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Request</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HttpApplication</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class
processes the user request.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">42. Explain
file-based dependency and key-based dependency.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In file-based
dependency, you have to depend on a file that is saved in a disk. In key-based
dependency, you have to depend on another cached item.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">43. How can you implement the postback property of an ASP.NET
control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You need to set the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AutoPostBack</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">True</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> to implement
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PostBack</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">44. Explain how Cookies work. Give an example of Cookie abuse.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The server tells the browser to put some files in a cookie, and
the client then sends all the cookies for the domain in each request. An
example of cookie abuse is large cookies affecting the network traffic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">45. Explain login controls.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Login controls are built-in controls in ASP.Net for providing a
login solution to ASP.NET application. The login controls use the membership
system to authenticate a user credentials for a Web site.<br />
<br />
There are many controls in login controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ChangePassword</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Allows users to change their password.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CreateUserWizard</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Provides an interface to the user to
register for that Web site.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Login</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Provides an interface for user authentication.
It consists of a set of controls, such as </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TextBox</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Label</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Button</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CheckBox</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HyperLink</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LoginView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Displays appropriate information to different
users according to the user's status.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LoginStatus</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Shows a login link to users, who are not
authenticated and logout link, who are authenticated<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LoginName</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Displays a user name, if the user logs in.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l52 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PasswordRecovery</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control - Allows users to get back the password
through an e-mail, if they forget.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">46. What is the use of </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PlaceHolder</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control? Can
we see it at runtime?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PlaceHolder</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control acts as a container for those controls that
are dynamically generated at runtime. We cannot see it at runtime because it
does not produce any visible output. It used only as a container.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">47. What setting must be added in the configuration file to deny
a particular user from accessing the secured resources?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To deny a particular user form accessing the secured resources,
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file must contain the following code:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><authorization ><br />
<deny users="username" /><br />
</authorization></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">48. What are the event handlers that can be included in the
Global.asax file?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Global.asax</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file contains some of the following important event
handlers:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application_Error</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application_Start</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application_End</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session_Start</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l47 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session_End</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">49. What is the difference between page-level caching and
fragment caching?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In the page-level caching, an entire Web page is cached;
whereas, in the fragment caching, a part of the Web page, such as a user
control added to the Web page, is cached.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">50. Make a list of all templates of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Repeater</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Repeater control contains the following templates:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ItemTemplate</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AlternatingltemTemplate</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SeparatorTemplate</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HeaderTemplate</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l40 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FooterTemplate</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">51. Describe the complete lifecycle of a Web page.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When we execute a Web page, it passes from the following stages,
which are collectively known as Web page lifecycle:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page request</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, ASP.NET
makes sure the page either parsed or compiled and a cached version of the page
can be sent in response<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Start</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage sets the Request and Response
page properties and the page check the page request is either a postback or a
new request<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page Initialization</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, the page
initialize and the control's Unique Id property are set<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Load</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, if the request is postback, the
control properties are loaded without loading the view state and control state
otherwise loads the view state<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Validation</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, the
controls are validated<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Postback event handling</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, if the
request is a postback, handles the event<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rendering</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, the page
invokes the Render method to each control for return the output<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l21 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unload</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - During this stage, when the page is completely
rendered and sent to the client, the page is unloaded.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">52. How can you assign page specific attributes in an ASP.NET
application?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">@Page</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> directive is responsible for this.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">53. Which method is used to post a Web page to another Web page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Respose.Redirect</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method is used to post a page to another page, as
shown in the following code snippet: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response.Redirect("DestinationPageName.aspx");</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">54. What is a Cookie? Where is it used in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cookie is a lightweight executable program, which the server
posts to client machines. Cookies store the identity of a user at the first
visit of the Web site and validate them later on the next visits for their
authenticity. The values of a cookie can be transferred between the user's
request and the server's response.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">55. What are Custom User Controls in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The custom user controls are the controls that are defined by
developers. These controls are a mixture of custom behavior and predefined
behavior. These controls work similar to other Web server controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">56. What does the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.WebPart</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file do?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.WebPart</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file explains the settings of a Web Parts control that can
be included to a specified zone on a Web page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">57. How can you enable impersonation in the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To enable impersonation in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.confing</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file, you
need to include the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><identity></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">element in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file and set
the impersonate attribute to true as shown in the following code snippet:<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><identity impersonate = "true" /></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">58. How can you identify that the page is PostBack?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Page object uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IsPostBack</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to
check whether the page is posted back or not. If the page is postback, this
property is set to true.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">59. In which database is the information, such as membership,
role management, profile, and Web parts personalization, stored?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">aspnetdb</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> database stores all information.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">60. What is State Management? How many ways are there to
maintain a state in .NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">State management is used to store information requests. The
state management is used to trace the information or data that affect the state
of the applications.<br />
<br />
There are two ways to maintain a state in .NET, Client-Based state management
and Server-Based state management.<br />
<br />
The following techniques can be used to implement the Client-Based state
management:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">View State<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Hidden Fields<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cookies<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Query Strings<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l45 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Control State<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The following techniques can be used to implement Server-Based state
management:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application State<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session State<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Profile Properties<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">61. What do you understand by aggregate dependency?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Aggregate dependency allows multiple dependencies to be
aggregated for content that depends on more than one resource. In such type of
dependency, you need to depend on the sum of all the defined dependencies to
remove a data item from the cache.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">62. How can you ensure that no one has tampered with </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> in a Web
page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To ensure that no one has tampered with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> in a Web
page, set the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">EnableViewStateMac</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">True</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">63. What is the difference between adding items into cache
through the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Add()</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method and through the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Insert()</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Both methods work in a similar way except that the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cache.Add()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> function
returns an object that represents the item you added in the cache. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cache.Insert()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> function can
replace an existing item in the cache, which is not possible using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cache.Add()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">64. Explain the cookie less session and its working.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET manages the session state in the same process that
processes the request and does not create a cookie. It is known as a cookie
less session. If cookies are not available, a session is tracked by adding a
session identifier to the URL. The cookie less session is enabled using the
following code snippet: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><sessionState cookieless="true" /></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">65. What is a round trip?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The trip of a Web page from the client to the server and then
back to the client is known as a round trip.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">66. What are the major built-in objects in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The major built-in objects in ASP.NET are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Request</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Server</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l35 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Context</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Trace</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">67. Where
should the data validations be performed-at the client side or at the server
side and why?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Data validations
should be done primarily at the client side and the server-side validation
should be avoided because it makes server task overloaded. If the client-side
validation is not available, you can use server-side validation. When a user
sends a request to the server, the validation controls are invoked to check the
user input one by one.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">68. Why
do we need nested master pages in a Web site?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When we have
several hierarchical levels in a Web site, then we use nested master pages in
the Web site.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">69. How
can you dynamically add user controls to a page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">User controls can
be dynamically loaded by adding a Web User Control page in the application and
adding the control on this page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">70. What
is the appSettings Section in the </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file sets the
configuration for a Web project. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">appSettings</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> block in
configuration file sets the user-defined values for the whole application.<br />
<br />
For example, in the following code snippet, the specified </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ConnectionString</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> section is
used throughout the project for database connection:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><configuration><br />
<appSettings><br />
<add key="ConnectionString" value="server=indiabixserver;
pwd=dbpassword; database=indiabix" /><br />
</appSettings><br />
...</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">71. What
type of code, client-side or server-side, is found in a code-behind file of a
Web page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">·</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A code-behind file
contains the server-side code, which means that the code contained in a
code-behind file is executed at the server.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">72. To
which class a Web form belongs to in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A Web form belongs to the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Web.UI.Page</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">73. What
does the "</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">EnableViewState</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">" property do? Why do we
want it On or Off?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">EnableViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property enables the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property on
the page. It is set to On to allow the page to save the users input between
postback requests of a Web page; that is, between the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Request</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and
corresponding </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Response</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> objects. When this property is set to Off, the page does
not store the users input during postback.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">74. Which
event determines that all the controls are completely loaded into memory?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page_Load</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> event determines that all the controls on the page are
fully loaded. You can also access the controls in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Page_Init</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> event;
however, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property does not load completely during this event.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">75. What
is the function of the </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CustomValidator</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It provides the customize validation code to perform both
client-side and server-side validation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">76. What
is Role-based security?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In the Role-based security, you can assign a role to every user
and grant the privilege according to that role. A role is a group of principal
that restricts a user's privileges. Therefore, all the organization and
applications use role-based security model to determine whether a user has enough
privileges to perform a requested task.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">77. Which
data type does the </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RangeValidator</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control support?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The data types supported by the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RangeValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control are
Integer, Double, String, Currency, and Date.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">78. What
are the HTML server controls in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HTML server controls are similar to the standard HTML elements,
which are normally used in HTML pages. They expose properties and events that
can be used programmatically. To make these controls programmatically
accessible, you need to specify that the HTML controls act as a server control
by adding the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">runat="server"</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> attribute.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">79. Why a </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SiteMapPath</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is referred to as
breadcrumb or eyebrow navigation control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SiteMapPath</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control displays a hierarchical path to the root Web
page of the Web site. Therefore, it is known as the breadcrumb or eyebrow
navigation control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">80. Where
is the </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> information stored?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> information is stored in the HTML hidden fields.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">81. Which
namespaces are necessary to create a localized application?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Globalization</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Resources</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> namespaces
are essential to develop a localized application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">82. What
is the difference between an </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HtmlInputCheckBox</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control and an</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HtmlInputRadioButton</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can select more than one </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HtmlInputCheckBox</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control from
a group of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HtmlInputCheckBox</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls; whereas, you can
select only a single</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HtmllnputRadioButton</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control from a group of </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HtmlInputRadioButton</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">83. What
is the difference between HTML and Web server controls?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HTML controls are client-side controls; therefore, all the
validations for HTML controls are performed at the client side. On the other
hand, Web server controls are server-side controls; therefore, all the
validations for Web server controls are performed at the server side.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 13.65pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">84.
Explain the </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Control.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is an ASP.NET control that is used to provide
advertisements to Web pages. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
associates with one or many advertisements, which randomly displays one by one
at a time when the Web page is refreshed. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
advertisements are associated with links; therefore, when you click on an
advertisement, it redirects you to other pages.<br />
<br />
The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control is associated with a data source, which is
normally an xml file or a database table. A data source contains all the
information, such as advertisement graphics reference, link, and alternate
text. Therefore, when you use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control, you
should first create a data source and then associate it with the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AdRotator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">85. What do you understand by the culture?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The culture denotes a combination of a language and optionally a
region or a country. The contents of a Web page of a multilingual Web site are
changed according to the culture defined in the operating system of the user
accessing the Web page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">86. What is the difference between absolute expiration and
sliding-time expiration?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The absolute expiration expires a cached item after the provided
expiration time. The sliding time does not expire the cached items because it
increments the specified time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">87. What is the code-behind feature in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The code-behind feature of ASP.NET enables you to divide an
ASP.NET page into two files - one consisting of the presentation data, and the
second, which is also called the code-behind file, consisting of all the
business logic. The presentation data contains the interface elements, such as
HTML controls and Web server controls, and the code-behind contains the
event-handling process to handle the events that are fired by these controls. The
file that contains the presentation data has the .aspx extension. The code
behind file has either the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.cs</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> extension (if
you are using the programming language C#) or the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.vb</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> (if you are
using the programming language Visual Basic .NET) extension.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">88. How can you check if all the validation controls on a Web
page are valid and proper?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can determine that all the validation controls on a Web page
are properly working by writing code in the source file of the Web page using a
scripting language, such as VBScript or JavaScript. To do this task, you have
to loop across validators collection of pages and check the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IsValid</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of
each validation control on the Web page to check whether or not the validation
test is successful.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">89. Explain the validation controls. How many validation
controls in ASP.NET 4.0?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Validation controls are responsible to validate the data of an
input control. Whenever you provide any input to an application, it performs
the validation and displays an error message to user, in case the validation
fails.<br />
<br />
ASP.NET 4.0 contains the following six types of validation controls:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CompareValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Performs a comparison between the values contained
in two controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CustomValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Writes your own method to perform extra
validation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RangeValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">- Checks value according to the range of value.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RegularExpressionValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Ensures that input is
according to the specified pattern or not.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RequiredFieldValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Checks either a control is
empty or not.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l46 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ValidationSummary</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Displays a summary of all
validation error in a central location.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">90. What is difference between a Label control and a Literal
control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Label control's final html code has an HTML tag; whereas,
the Literal control's final html code contains only text, which is not surrounded
by any HTML tag.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">91. How many types of Cookies are available in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are two types of Cookies available in ASP.NET:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session Cookie</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Resides on the client machine
for a single session until the user does not log out.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Persistent Cookie</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Resides on a user's machine
for a period specified for its expiry, such as 10 days, one month, and never.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The user can set this period manually.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">92. What is the use of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Global.asax</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Global.asax</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file executes application-level events and sets application-level
variables.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">93. What are the Culture and UICulture values?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Culture value determines the functions, such as Date and
Currency, which are used to format data and numbers in a Web page. The
UICulture value determines the resources, such as strings or images, which are
loaded for a Web page in a Web application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">94. What is the difference between ASP session and ASP.NET
session?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP does not support cookie-less sessions; whereas, ASP.NET
does. In addition, the ASP.NET session can span across multiple servers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">95. Which control will you use to ensure that the values in two
different controls match?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You should use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CompareValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control to
ensure that the values in two different controls match.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">96. What is the difference between a page theme and a global
theme?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A page theme is stored inside a subfolder of the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">App_Themes</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> folder of a
project and applied to individual Web pages of that project. Global themes are
stored inside the Themes folder on a Web server and apply to all the Web
applications on the Web server.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">97. What do you mean by a neutral culture?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When you specify a language but do not specify the associated
country through a culture, the culture is called as a neutral culture.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">98. What is the use of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><sessionState></span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> tag in the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><sessionState></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> tag is used to configure the
session state features. To change the default timeout, which is 20 minutes, you
have to add the following code snippet to the web.config file of an
application: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><sessionState timeout="40"/></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">99. Can you post and access view state in another application?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, you can post and access a view state in other applications.
However, while posting a view state in another application, the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PreviousPage</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property
returns null.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">100. Which method do you use to kill explicitly a users session?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session.Abandon()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method kills the user session
explicitly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">101. Which class is inherited when an ASP.NET server control is
added to a Web form?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">System.Web.UI.WebControls</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class is inherited when an
ASP.NET server control is added to a Web form.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">102. What events are fired when a page loads?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following events fire when a page loads:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Init()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Fires when the page is initializing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LoadViewState()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Fires when the view state is loading.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LoadPostData()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Fires when the postback data is processing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Load()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Fires when the page is loading.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PreRender()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Fires at the brief moment before the page is
displayed to the user as HTML.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l28 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unload()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Fires when the page is destroying the instances of
server controls.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">103. Write three common properties of all validation controls.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Three common properties of validation controls are as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ControlToValidate</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Provides a control to
validate<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ErrorMessage</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Displays an error message<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IsValid</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Specifies if the control's validation has succeeded or
not<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l20 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Text</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - Displays a text for validation control before validation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">104. What are navigation controls? How many navigation controls
are there in ASP.NET 4.0?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Navigation controls help you to navigate in a Web application
easily. These controls store all the links in a hierarchical or drop-down
structure; thereby facilitating easy navigation in a Web application.<br />
<br />
There are three navigation controls in ASP.Net 4.0.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SiteMapPath</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menu</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TreeView</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">105. What happens if an ASP.NET server control with event-handling
routines is missing from its definition?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The compilation of the application fails.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">106. What are server-side comments?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Server-side comments are included in an ASP.NET page for the
purpose of documentations as shown in the following code snippet:<br />
<br />
</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><%--This is an example of server-side comments --%> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<br />
The server-side comments begin with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><%--</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and end with </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">--%></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">107. How can we provide the WebParts control functionality to a
server control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We can provide the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">WebParts</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> controls
functionality to a server control by setting the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CreateWebPart</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">WebPartManger</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">108. How do you prevent a validation control from validating
data at the client end?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You can prohibit a validation control to validate data at the
client side by setting the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">EnableClientScript</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property to </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">False</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">109. What is cross-page posting in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Server.Transfer()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method is used to post data
from one page to another. In this case, the URL remains the same. However, in
cross page posting, data is collected from different Web pages and is displayed
on a single page. To do so, you need to set the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PostBackUrl</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of
the control, which specifies the target page. In the target page, you can
access the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PreviousPage</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property. For this, you need to use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">@PreviousPageType</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> directive.
You can access the controls of previous page by using the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">FindControl()</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> method.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">110. Which ASP.NET configuration options are supported in the
ASP.NET implementation on the shared Web hosting platform?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are many ASP.NET configuration choices, which are not able
to configure at the site, application, or child directory level on the shared
hosting environment. Some options can produce security, performance, and
stability problem to the server and therefore cannot be changed.<br />
<br />
The following settings are the only ones that can be changed in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file(s) of
your Web site:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l17 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">browserCaps<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">clientTarget<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">pages<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">customErrors<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">globalization<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">authorization<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">authentication<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">webControls<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">webServices<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">111. Explain the Application and Session objects in ASP.NET.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application state is used to store data corresponding to all the
variables of an ASP.NET Web application. The data in an application state is
stored once and read several times. Application state uses the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HttpApplicationState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class to
store and share the data throughout the application. You can access the
information stored in an application state by using the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HttpApplication</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class
property. Data stored in the application state is accessible to all the pages
of the application and is the same for all the users accessing the application.
The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HttpApplicationState</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> class provides a lock method,
which you can use to ensure that only one user is able to access and modify the
data of an application at any instant of time.<br />
<br />
Each client accessing a Web application maintains a distinct session with the
Web server, and there is also some specific information associated with each of
these sessions. Session state is defined in the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><sessionState></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> element of
the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file. It also stores the data specific to a user session in
session variables. Different session variables are created for each user
session. In addition, session variables can be accessed from any page of the
application. When a user accesses a page, a session ID for the user is created.
The session ID is transferred between the server and the client over the HTTP
protocol using cookies.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">112. How will you differentiate a submaster page from a
top-level master page?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Similar to a content page, a submaster page also does not have
complete HTML source code; whereas, a top-level master page has complete HTML
source code inside its source file.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">113. What are Web server controls in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The ASP.NET Web server controls are objects on the ASP.NET pages
that run when the Web page is requested. Many Web server controls, such as
button and text box, are similar to the HTML controls. In addition to the HTML
controls, there are many controls, which include complex behavior, such as the
controls used to connect to data sources and display data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">114. What is the difference between a </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HyperLink</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control and a </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LinkButton</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HyperLink</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control does not have the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Click</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> events;
whereas, the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">LinkButton</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control has these events, which can be handled in the
code-behind file of the Web page.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">115. What are the various ways of authentication techniques in
ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are various techniques in ASP.NET to authenticate a user.
You can use one of the following ways of authentication to select a built-in
authentication provider:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Windows Authentication</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - This mode works as the
default authentication technique. It can work with any form of Microsoft
Internet Information Services (IIS) authentication, such as Basic, Integrated
Windows authentication (NTLM/Kerberos), Digest, and certificates. The syntax of
Windows authentication mode is given as follows: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><authentication
mode="windows" /></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Forms Authentication</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - You can specify this mode as
a default authentication mode by using the following code snippet: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><authentication
mode="Forms"/></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Passport</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> - This mode works with
Microsoft Passport authentication, as shown in the following code snippet: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><authentication
mode = "Passport"/></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">116. What are the different ways to send data across pages in
ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following two ways are used to send data across pages in
ASP.NET:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Session<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l36 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Public properties<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">117. What does the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">WebpartListUserControlPath</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of a</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DeclarativeCatalogPart</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control do?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">WebpartListUserControlPath</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property sets the route of the
user defined control to a</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DeclarativeCatalogPart</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">118. What do you mean by the Web Part controls in ASP.NET?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Web Part controls are the integrated controls, which are
used to create a Web site. These controls allow the users to change the
content, outlook, and state of Web pages in a Web browser.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">119. What type of the </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">CatalogPart</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control
enables users to restore the Web Parts that have been removed earlier by the
user?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">PageCatalogPart</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">120. What is the use of web.config? What is the difference
between machine.config and web.config?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET
configuration files are XML-based text files for application-level settings and
are saved with the name web.config. These files are present in multiple
directories on an ASP.NET Web application server. The </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> file sets the
configuration settings to the directory it is placed in and to all the virtual
sub folders under it. The settings in sub directories can optionally override
or change the settings specified in the base directory.<br />
<br />
The difference between the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> and </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">machine.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> files is
given as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><WinDir>\Microsoft.NET\Framework\<version>\config\machine.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">provides default
configuration settings for the entire machine. ASP.NET configures IIS to
prohibit the browser directly from accessing the web.config files to make sure
that their values cannot be public. Attempts to access those files cause
ASP.NET to return the 403: Access Forbidden error.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l32 level1 lfo18; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ASP.NET uses these </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web.config</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> configuration
files at runtime to compute hierarchically a sole collection of settings for
every URL target request. These settings compute only once and cached across
further requests. ASP.NET automatically checks for changing file settings and
do not validate the cache if any of the configuration changes made.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">121. Explain the concept of states in ASP.NET.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">State is quite an innovative concept in Web development because
it eliminates the drawback of losing state data due to reloading of a Web page.
By using states in a Web application, you can preserve the state of the
application either at the server or client end. The state of a Web application
helps you to store the runtime changes that have been made to the Web
application. For example, as already described earlier, a change in the data
source of the Web application might be initiated by a user when he/she selects
and saves some products in the shopping cart.<br />
<br />
If you are not using states, these changes are discarded and are not saved. You
may think that the whole concept of storing states is optional. However, under
certain circumstances, using states with applications is imperative. For
example, it is necessary to store states for Web applications, such as an
e-commerce shopping site or an Intranet site of a company, to keep track of the
requests of the users for the items they have selected on the shopping site or
the days requested for vacation on the Intranet site.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">122. Can we validate a DropDownList by </span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RequiredFieldValidator</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yes, we can validate a DropDownList by </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RequiredFieldValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. To perform this
validation, we have to set the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">InitialValue</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> property of </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">RequiredFieldValidator</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> control.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">123. List the features of the Chart control.</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The following are the features of the Chart control:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bounds a chart with any data source.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Simple manipulation of chart data, such as copying, merging,
grouping, sorting, searching, and filtering.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support many statistical and financial formulas for data
analysis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Provide advanced chart outlook, such as 2-D, 3-D, lighting, and
perspective.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Support events and customizations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: #FEFDFA; line-height: 12.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo19; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Includes interactivity with Microsoft AJAX.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(254, 253, 250); margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: #FEFDFA; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Supports AJAX Content
Delivery Network (CDN).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-39636393250147293972014-10-31T05:48:00.002-07:002014-10-31T05:48:52.191-07:00ASP.Net Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Did you use user controls.</b></span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Yes, I used user
controls. I can modify the original control behavior according to the requirement.
You can then treat the user control as a unit and define properties and methods
for it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is JavaScript?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">JavaScript is used
for client side validation and interact with user. It is better performance than
passing into server.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Rate yourself out
of 10 in C#, ASP.NET, SQL SERVER, JavaScript; query in which 10 is highest?<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">I told 6 for all
the technologies. But they asked what about remaining 4 I told that these
technologies are evolving as you know often new versions are released so I need
to update the latest version.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How you will handle
exception in sql? Whether you will save the exception in log files or any other
ways which you give exceptions details to team member for anlaysing?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">As I told my role
is team lead in project handling they asked this question how you give the
exceptions details to your team member. I told through log files we used to
catch the error exceptions.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What design
patterns you are using? Like three-tier architecture or MVC?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">I told that I used
three tier architecture.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Explain about the
three tier architecture?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Three tier
architecture contains three layer – presentation layer, Business Logic Layer,
Data Access Layer.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Which framework are
using in your project?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">I told that I am
using .Net framework 4.0 and visual studio 2010.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Did you have
knowledge in jquery?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">jQuery is a multi-browser JavaScript library
designed to simplify the client-side scripting of HTML. It is designed to make
it easier to navigate a document, select DOM elements, create animations,
handle events, and develop Ajax applications.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>For project
handling did you used any software or any other software to handle the project?</b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b>
<span style="background: white;">I told that i have
inhouse software in which we will update the status of the project.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How to close the
sqldatareader?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">sqldatareader.close();</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>If i forgot to
close the sqlconnection. What error it will show to the user?</b></span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Max pool size reached error will display.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Did you use
webservices or WCF?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">I told I used
werbservice in my project.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Did you have direct
client interaction for getting the requirement or updating in requirement?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes, I have direct client interaction to get
the requirement and updating from the client.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is partial
class?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Partial class is a
split of single class. Very large classes difficult to navigate in an editor
for a single file. Allowing multiple developers to work on a single class at
the same time. Allowing separation between class interface and the
implementation-related definitions.</span><br />
<br />
<i><span style="background: white;">Diffence</span></i><span style="background: white;"> between
DataReaderand Dataset</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">DataReader is
connected architecture and dataset is disconnected architecture.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">DataReader is
better performance and dataset is lower performance.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">DataReader able to
fetch record in single direction (forward only) whereas dataset able to fetch
in bi-direction.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Using DataReader
records are readonly whereas dataset records can able to add, update and delete.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is Managed
code?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">The code that
targets CLR is known as Managed code.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is common
Language Runtime (CLR)?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Common Language
Runtime is used to run the application and compile the code into intermediate
language. It provides exception handling, enhanced security, versioning and
deployment support, a simplified model for component interaction, and debugging
and profiling services.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How many web.config
file an application can contain?</b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b>
<span style="background: white;">For each
application only one web.config file will be present.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are types of
Authentication?</b></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Three type of
Authentication. They are Windows, Forms, Passport authentication.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is Windows
Authentication?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Windows
Authentication method uses Windows accounts for validating users' credentials.
This type of authentication is very good for intranet Web sites where we know
our users.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Difference between List and Arrays?</b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Array is a
collection of homogeneous elements. List is a collection of heterogeneous.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Array memory
allocation is static and continuous whereas list memory collection is dynamic
random.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Array size has to
be specified while creating whereas list size cannot be determine at dynamic.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">User need not keep
track of next memory allocation for arrays. User has to keep track of location
where next memory is allocated.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is view state?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">View State is
client side state management mechanism. It can store the page value at the time
of post back (Sending and Receiving information from Server) of your page.
ASP.NET pages provide the ViewState property as a built-in structure for
automatically storing values between multiple requests for the same page.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is session?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Session object is
used to store and retrieve information about particular user session. It is
used to persist information throughout the user session.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Difference between
Response.Redirect and server.transfer.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Response.Redirect()
will redirect to a new page, update the address bar and add it to the Browser History.
On your browser you can click back.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Server.Transfer()
does not change the address bar, you cannot hit back.</span><br />
<br />
<b><br />
</b><span style="background: white;"><b>What is
server.exceute()?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">When Server.Execute
is used, a URL is passed to it as a parameter, and the control moves to this
new page. Execution of code happens on the new page. Once code execution gets
over, the control returns to the initial page, just after where it was called.
However, in the case of Server.Transfer, it works very much the same, the
difference being the execution stops at the new page itself.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is
Normalization?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is used for
effective organizing and binding of data is called normalization. Two goal of
normalization. Eliminate redundant data and ensure relational data.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Difference between
query and stored procedure?</b></span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In stored procedure you don't have to recompile
your C# app whenever you want to change some SQL and better performance. You
end up reusing SQL code. Using query, it will take more time to execute than
stored procedure.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is boxing and
unboxing?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Boxing is the
process of converting a value type to the reference type object whereas
unboxing is converting reference type to a value type.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are types of
Access Specifiers?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Private, public,
protected and internal</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>what are the types
of polymorphism?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">There are two types
of polymorphism.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">1, Compile time
polymorphism.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">2, Run time
polymorphism.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are generics?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Generics are used
to design classes and methods. It is used to maximize code, reuse, type safety
and performance. It is used to create collection of classes.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Left outer join in
Sql server?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Left outer join is
used to retrieve all the data from first table and unmatched table of the
second table.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How you will bind
the data using SqlDataReader?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Creating an object
for the sqldatareader then calling object with read method through which we can
bind the data.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is your
achievement in your company?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">I told I received
best performer award from my managing director and everyone respect me in my
office.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is ADO.NET?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">ADO.NET is used to
access data and data services based on dataset or datareader. It is commonly
used by programmers to access and modify data stored in relational database
systems.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is caching in
asp.net?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Caching is used to
store data temporarily where data will be static. So that it will reduce the
overhead of the application and boost the performance of the application.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is difference
between session and caching?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">Cache will always
be in memory even if you use a separate Session State Server or SQL Server, and
thus retain its performance advantages.</span></span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-39928045619960191642014-10-30T10:26:00.003-07:002014-10-30T10:26:53.018-07:00Design Patterns Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What are design patterns?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Design patterns are recurring solution to recurring problems in
software architecture.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(A) Can you list down all patterns and their classification?</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: - This is advanced question because anyone who asks to list
down all patterns can</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Only be crazy for what he is asking. But it is always a win-win
situation for the interviewer.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are three basic classification of patterns Creational,
Structural and Behavioral</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Patterns.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Creational Patterns</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Abstract Factory:- Creates an instance of several
families of classes</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Builder: - Separates object construction from its
representation</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Factory Method:- Creates an instance of several derived
classes</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Prototype:- A fully initialized instance to be copied or
cloned</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Singleton: - A class in which only a single instance can
exist</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: - The best way to remember Creational pattern is by ABFPS
(Abraham Became</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">First President of States).<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Structural Patterns</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Adapter:-Match interfaces of different classes.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Bridge:-Separates an object’s interface from its
implementation.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Composite:-A tree structure of simple and composite
objects.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Decorator:-Add responsibilities to objects dynamically.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Façade:-A single class that represents an entire
subsystem.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Flyweight:-A fine-grained instance used for efficient
sharing.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Proxy:-An object represents another object.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: To remember structural pattern best is (ABCDFFP)</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Behavioral Patterns</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Mediator:-Defines simplified communication between
classes.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Memento:-Capture and restore an object’s internal state.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Interpreter:-A way to include language elements in a
program.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Iterator:-Sequentially access the elements of a
collection.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Chain of Resp:-A way of passing a request between a chain
of objects.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Command:-Encapsulate a command request as an object.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ State:-Alter an object’s behavior when its state changes.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Strategy:-Encapsulates an algorithm inside a class.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Observer:-A way of notifying change to a number of
classes.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Template Method:-Defer the exact steps of an algorithm to
a subclass.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Visitor:-Defines a new operation to a class without
change.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: - Just remember Music……. 2 MICS On TV (MMIICCSSOTV).</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: - No source code is provided for architecture section as
much of the things can be clear From good UML diagrams.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What is the difference between Factory and Abstract Factory</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Patterns?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: – This is quite a confusing architect question especially in
design pattern section.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interviewer can take you for a nice ride. So get the difference in
your heart.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">First read the definition provided in the first question about
both these patterns. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Common thing they have is that they belong to creational patterns.
In short they hide the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Complexity of creating objects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The main difference between factory and Abstract factory is
factory method uses</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Inheritance to decide which object has to be instantiated while
abstract factory uses</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Delegation to decide instantiation of object. We can say
Abstract factory uses factory</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">259 </span><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">methods to complete the architecture. Abstract Factory is one
level higher in abstraction over Factory.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The two class diagrams below will provide overview of what is
the actual difference.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">First figure shows a sample implementation of Factory Patterns.
In this figure there are</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Two basic sections:-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ the actual product section i.e. Class “Product” it
inherits from an abstract</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Class “AbstractProduct”.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ the creational aspect section i.e. “ConcreteCreator”
class which inherits</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">From class “Creator”.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ now there is some rules the client will have to follow
who</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">will need the “Product” object. He will never refer directly to
the actual “Product” object</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">he will refer the “Product” object using “AbstractProduct”.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Second client will never use “New” keyword to create the
“Product” object</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">but will use the “Creator” class which in turn will use the
“ConcreteCreator”</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">class to create the actual “Product” object.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">So what are the benefits from this architecture? All creational
and initializing aspects are</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">now detached from the actual client. As your creational aspect
is now been handled in</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“ConcreteCreator” and the client has reference to only
“Creator”, so any implementation</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">change in “CreateProduct” will not affect the client code. In
short now your creational</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">aspect of object is completely encapsulated from the client’s logic.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">260</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Now let’s look at the second class diagram which provides an
overview of what actually</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Abstract factory” pattern is. It creates objects for families
of classes. In short it describes</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">collection of factor methods from various different families. In
short it groups related</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">factory methods. Example in this the class “Creator” is
implemented using the “Abstract”</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">factory pattern. It now creates objects from multiple families
rather one product.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note :- Just stick up to this definition that Abstract factory
classifies factory methods or</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">groups logically related factory method together.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">261<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What is MVC pattern?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Twist: – How can you implement MVC pattern in ASP.NET?</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The main purpose using MVC pattern is to decouple the GUI from
the Data. It also gives</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the ability to provide multiple views for the same Data. MVC
pattern separates objects in</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">to three important sections:-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">262</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Model: – This section is specially for maintaining data.
It is actually where your</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">business logic, querying database, database connection etc. is
actually</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">implemented.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Views: – Displaying all or some portion of data, or
probably different view of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">data. View is responsible for look and feel, Sorting, formatting
etc.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Controller: – They are event handling section which
affects either the model or</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the view. Controller responds to the mouse or keyboard input to
command</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">model and view to change. Controllers are associated with views.
User</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">interaction triggers the events to change the model, which in
turn calls some</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">methods of model to update its state to notify other registered
views to refresh</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">their display.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ok now this was all in theory. Let us look at how in actually
ASP.NET we can implement</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MVC pattern. During interview with theory question they will be
looking at have you</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">really implemented MVC or its just talks. Following are the
various sections of ASP.NET</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">which maps to MVC sections:-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Model: – This section is represented by Data view,
Dataset, Typed Dataset,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Business components, business entity models etc. Now this
section can then</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">be tied up to either windows application or web UI.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ View: – ASPX, ASCX, or windows application UI like data
grid etc. form the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">view part of it.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Controller: – In ASP.NET the behind code is the
controller as the events are</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">handled by that part. Controller communicates both with Model as
well as</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">view.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I hope I was able to map you imagination of ASP.NET with the
diagram given below.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">263<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">How can we implement singleton pattern in .NET?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Singleton pattern mainly focuses on having one and only one
instance of the object running.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Example a windows directory service which has multiple entries
but you can only have</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">single instance of it through out the network.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note:- May of developers would jump to a conclusion saying using
the “STATIC” keyword</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">we can have a single instance of object. But that’s not the real
case there is something more</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">that has to be done. But please note we can not define a class as
STATIC, so this will not</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">serve our actual purpose of implementing singleton pattern.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Following are the three steps needed to implement singleton
pattern in .NET:-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">264</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ First create your class with static members.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Public class ClsStaticClass</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Private shared objCustomer as clsCustomer</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">End class</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This ensures that there is actually only one Customer object
throughout the project.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Second define a private constructor to your class.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: – defining a private constructor to class does not allow a
client to create objects directly.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Finally provide a static method to get access to your
singleton object.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">How do you implement prototype pattern in .NET?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Twist: – How to implement cloning in .NET ? What is shallow copy
and deep copy ?</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cloning is achieved by using ICloneable of the System namespace.
It has a “Clone” method</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">which actually returns the reference of the same copy. Clone
method allows a Shallow</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">copy and not a deep copy. In Shallow copy if you make changes to
the cloned object it</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">actually changes on the main object itself. So how is deep copy
achieved, by using</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“ISerializable” interface? So what you do is first serialize the
object then deserialize back</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">to a complete new copy. Now any changes to this new copy do not
reflect on the original</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">copy of the object, this is called as Deep copy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What are the situations you will use a Web Service and Remoting
in</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">projects?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Well “Web services” uses “remoting” concepts internally. But the
major difference between</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“web service” and “remoting” is that “web service” can be
consumed by clients who are</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">not .NET platform. While remoting you need the client to be .NET
compliant. Regarding</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the speed issue “Remoting” is faster than “Web Services”. So I
think when deciding the</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">architecture side of choosing between “Web services” and
“Remoting” keep the cross</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">platform issue and the speed issue in mind.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Can you give a practical implementation of FAÇADE patterns?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Façade pattern sits on the top of lot of subsystems and makes
access easy to interfaces</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">of these subsystems. Basic purpose of Façade is to make
interfacing between many</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">modules and classes manageable.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Above is a simple live application of a Façade class. In this we
have four subsystems :-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Customer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Product</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">266</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Payment</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Invoicing</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">All the four modules when built at initial stage where built
completely independent. The</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">main interaction between all these subsystems is customer
placing order. This functionality</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">can be attained by using all these subsystems, which involves
complex interaction between</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">them.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">That is where FAÇADE comes in to action. We have built a FAÇADE
called as</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“FACADEORDER” which sits on the top of all these subsystem and
fulfill our</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">functionality.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">How can we implement observer pattern in .NET?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Observer patterns can be implemented using “Delegates” and
“Events”. I leave this to</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the readers to implement one sample code for observer patterns.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What is three tier architecture?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The three tier software architecture emerged in the 1990s to
overcome the limitations of</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the two tier architecture.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are three layers when we talk about three tier
architecture:-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">User Interface (Client) :- This is mostly the windows user
interface or the Web interface</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">but this has only the UI part.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mid layer: – Middle tier provides process management where
business logic and rules are</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">executed and can accommodate hundreds of users (as compared to
only 100 users with</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the two tier architecture) by providing functions such as
queuing, application execution,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">and database staging.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Data Access Layer: – This is also called by the famous acronym
“DAL” component. It has</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mainly the SQL statement which do the database operation part of
the job.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The three tier architecture is used when an effective
distributed client/server design is</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">needed that provides (when compared to the two tier) increased
performance, flexibility,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">maintainability, reusability, and scalability, while hiding the
complexity of distributed</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">processing from the user.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">267</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Have you ever worked with Microsoft Application Blocks, if yes
then<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">which?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application Blocks are C# and VB.NET classes distributed as
Visual Studio projects</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">that can be downloaded from Microsoft’s Web site and used in any
.NET application,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">including ASP.NET Web applications. They are useful and powerful
tools that can make</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">applications more maintainable, scalable and efficient</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Secondly which application blocks has been used depends on
really what you have</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">implemented. But there are two famous MAB which is making buzz
around the industry:-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ data access block</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Data Access Block provides static methods located in the
SqlHelper class</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">that encapsulates the most common data access tasks performed
with Microsoft</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SQL server. If the term “static method” is new to you, it means
that the class</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">methods can be called without instantiating an instance of the
class. For</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">example, the method ExecuteReader () within the SqlHelper class
can be called</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">by simply using the statement SqlHelper.ExecuteReader () — no
object</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">instantiation of the SqlHelper class is required.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Exception management block.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Exception Management Application Block provides a simple yet
extensible</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">framework for handling exceptions. With a single line of
application code you</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">can easily log exception information to the Event Log or extend
it by creating</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">your own components that log exception details to other data
sources or notify</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">operators, without affecting your application code. The
Exception Management</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Application Block can easily be used as a building block in your
own .NET</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">application</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note: – It’s beyond the scope the book to look into details of
application block. Best is go to</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.microsoft.com/"><span style="color: #b85b5a;">http://www.microsoft.com</span></a> and
search for these application block. Try to compile one or two</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">programs using their given classes and documentation.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What is Service Oriented architecture?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Services” are components which expose well defined interfaces
and these interfaces</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">communicate through XML messages. Using SOA you can build
workflow, which uses</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">268</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">interfaces of these components. SOA is typically useful when you
are crossing</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">heterogeneous technical boundaries, organizations, domain etc.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In .NET SOA technically uses Web services to communicate with
each service which is</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">crossing boundaries. You can look SOA which sits on top of web
services and provides a</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">workflow.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">SOA uses service components which operate in their own domain
boundary. Let us note</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">some points of service :-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ They are independent components and operate in their own
boundary and</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">own technology.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ They have well defined interfaces which use XML and WSDL
to describe</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">themselves.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Services have URL where anyone can find them and clients
can bind to these</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">URL to avail for the service.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Services have very loosely coupled architecture. In order
to communicate to</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">service you only have to know the WSDL. Your client can then
generate proxy</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">from the WSDL of the service.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Above figure describes a broader picture of what service
oriented architecture will look</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">like. The basic fundamental of SOA is a web service. In above
diagram you can see there</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">are two services available. One is the “Credit Card” service and
other is “Address Check”</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">270</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">web service. Both these services are provided by different
company. Now we want to</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">build a functionality which needs to validate a credit card and
also check that addresses</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">are proper. In short we will need functionalities of both the
“CreditCard” and</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“AddressCheck” service. Also note the “CreditCard” service has
its own business layer</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">and DAL components, which can be in a proprietary language. It’s
very much possible</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">that the whole Credit card service is made in .NET and the
Address check is SAP</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">implementation or JAVA implementation. But because both the
systems provide there</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">functionality using Web services which is nothing but basically
XML message</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">communication. So we have made new service which sits like a
FAÇADE on top of both</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the web service and performs both functionalities in one common
service. You will see I</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">have made a third service which sits on top of both the
webservice and consumes them.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Also you can see that the UI part of the systems have access to
Business layer and Web</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">service of there system. But the service which does both these
check has only access to</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">the Web service.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note:- It’s beyond the scope of this book to discuss about SOA.
But just to keep you safe</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">during interview this book has tried to clear some basics of SOA.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What are different ways you can pass data between tiers?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There are many ways you can pass data between tiers :-</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Dataset the most preferred one as they maintain data in
XML format.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Datareader</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ Custom classes.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">√ XML<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">What is Windows DNA architecture?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Note :- If you have worked with classic ASP this question can come
to you.</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Windows Distributed interNet Applications Architecture (DNA)
is a Microsoft</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">blueprint for robust, scalable, distributed business software.
Windows DNA has evolved</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">over time and was not preplanned. It gives all combined
advantages of Centralized</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">271</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mainframe, application servers, internet technologies and
Personal computers. Windows</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">DNA is an evolution which started from mainframes (where all
logic was centralized),</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fox pro ages ( where we talked in terms of two tier systems),
VB6 / SQL SERVER (three</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">tier where we talked in terms of having one more tier which was
mainly COM where</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">business logic resided), COM+ ( looking in terms of transactions
and fulfilling ACID</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rules) and finally the DNA.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Above shown is a Windows DNA model which is a blue print which
Microsoft has</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">proposed. So if interviewer is asking you have you worked with
Windows DNA, then</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">answer is yes. You will see that you always use these sections
in project. Do not get</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #292526; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">confused with the terminology DNA.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<br /></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-48082933187407439652014-10-30T09:28:00.002-07:002014-10-30T09:28:39.201-07:00C# Interview questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: 5.25pt; margin-left: .75pt; margin-right: 2.25pt; margin-top: 5.25pt; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<b style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">What is overriding?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Overriding is a
concept where a method in a derived class uses the same name with the same
return type and also the same arguments as a method in its base class. In other
words, if the derived class contains its own implementation of the method
rather than using the method in the base class, the process is called overriding</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What are events and delegates?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">An event is a message
sent by a control to notify the occurrence of an action. However it is not
known which object receives the event. For this reason, .NET provides a special
type called Delegate which acts as an intermediary between the sender object
and receiver object</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Can multiple catch blocks be executed?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">No, Multiple catch
blocks can't be executed. Once the proper catch code executed, the control is
transferred to the finally block and then the code that follows the finally
block gets executed.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">difference between public, static and void?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">All these are
access modifiers in C#. Public declared variables or methods are accessible
anywhere in the application. Static declared variables or methods are globally
accessible without creating an instance of the class. The compiler stores the
address of the method as the entry point and uses this information to begin
execution before any objects are created. And Void is a type modifier that
states that the method or variable does not return any value.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">difference between ref & out parameters?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">An argument passed
as ref must be initialized before passing to the method whereas out parameter
needs not to be initialized before passing to a method</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Can “this” be used within a static method?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">We can’t use ‘This’
in a static method because we can only use static variables/methods in a static
method.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is difference between constants and
read-only?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Constant variables
are declared and initialized at compile time. The value can’t be changed after
wards. Read-only variables will be initialized only from the Static constructor
of the class. Read only is used only when we want to assign the value at run
time.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is an interface class?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Interface is an
abstract class which has only public abstract methods and the methods only have
the declaration and not the definition. These abstract methods must be
implemented in the inherited classes.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What are value types and reference types?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Value types are
stored in the Stack whereas reference types stored on heap.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Following are some
of the Value types:</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">int, enum , byte,
decimal, double, float, long<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Reference Types:</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">string , class,
interface, object.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Different categories of inheritance?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">There are 4 types
of Inheritance in Object Oriented Programming and they are as follows</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">(i)Single
inheritance : Have one base class and one derived class.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">(ii)Hierarchical
inheritance : Have one base class and multiple derived classes of the same base
class.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">(iii)Multilevel
inheritance : Have a class derived from a derived class.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">(iv)Multiple
inheritance : Have several base classes and a derived class.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Difference between constants, readonly and,
static ?</span></b><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">(i) Constants:
Value can’t be changed.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">(ii) Read-only:
Value will be initialized only once from the constructor of the class.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">(iii)Static: Value
can be initialized once.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is multi cast delegates?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Each delegate
object holds reference to a single method. However, it is possible for a
delegate object to hold references of and invoke multiple methods. Such
delegate objects are called multicast delegates or combinable delegates.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is data encapsulation?</span></b><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Data encapsulation,
also referred to as data hiding, is the mechanism whereby the implementation
details of a class are kept hidden from the user. The user can only perform a
restricted set of operations on the hidden members of the class by executing
special functions called methods.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Is it possible to override private virtual
methods?</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background: white;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">No. Private methods
are not accessible outside the class.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Can you store multiple data types in
System.Array?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">No.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What’s the difference between the
System.Array.CopyTo() and System.Array.Clone()?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">The first one
performs a deep copy of the array, the second one is shallow.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">What is
the difference between string and string builder?</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
String:<br />
a.It uses the the namespace "System"<br />
b.It is immutable, meaning value will not be overwritten in the memory while
assigning new value variable to the string. It creates a new memory space for
storing the new variable.<br />
c.It is sequential collection of Unicode characters for representing text<br />
d.Additional memory will be allocated during concatenation.<br />
<br />
StringBuilder:<br />
a.It belongs to the namespace "System.Text"<br />
b.It is mutable, meaning value will be overwritten in the memory while
assigning new value variable to the string.<br />
c.Cannot assign value directly to string.You need to create object</span><span style="background: white; font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
StringBuilder obj = new
StringBuilder("Hello World");<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
d.During concatenation additional memory will allocated only if it exceeds
buffer capacity.<br />
<br />
<b>What are difference between events and
delegate?</b><br />
<br />
Both delegates and events are tied together<br />
Event:<br />
1. It is the outcome of an action.<br />
2. Event Source(Which raises the event) and receiver(object that responds to
the event)are the two important terms<br />
3. Delegate acts as a communication channel between Event Source and Event
Source.<br />
<br />
Delegate:<br />
1.It is function pointer.<br />
2.Delegate can call more than one function.<br />
3.There are two types of delegates<br />
(i) Single Cast<br />
(ii)Multi Cast<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
//declaring delegate <br />
public delegate void
sample_delegate(); <br />
public void GoodMorning() <br />
{ <br />
MessageBox.Show("Hello
Friend" + "GoodMorning");<br />
} <br />
public void GoodEvening() <br />
{ <br />
MessageBox.Show("Hello Friend" +
"GoodEvening"); <br />
}<br />
private void button2_Click(object
sender, EventArgs e) <br />
{ <br />
// instantiation <br />
// Here we are calling two
methods so it is multicast delegate<br />
// If you call only one it is
single cast <br />
<br />
sample_delegate sd =
GoodMorning; <br />
sd += GoodEvening; <br />
//invoking <br />
sd(); <br />
}<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<b>MVC and asp.net difference. Why to
choose MVC if ASP.net fulfills my project requirements?</b><br />
<br />
MVC<br />
a. No View State<br />
b. No PostBack<br />
c. Code and HTML are completely separated<br />
d. Best Suited for large projects<br />
e. Unit testing can be done easily.<br />
f. Testing can be done with out invoking the view<br />
g. Can easily plugin more jquery script than asp.net easily<br />
h. Viewstate is not used for maintaining state information.<br />
i. Increase the performance<br />
<br />
<b>ASP.NET</b><br />
a. It follows 'page Controller' pattern. So code behind class play a major role
in rendering controls<br />
b. You cannot do unit testing only for code behind alone. You need to invoke
view to do testing<br />
c. It manages the state by using view state and server based controls.<br />
d. HTML Output is not clean<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Partial views and strongly typed view
difference.</b><br />
<br />
Patial Views:<br />
These are sub-views or reusable views<br />
Whenever we want to reuse the views we can go in for partial views.<br />
Examples of reusable views are header and footer views where we will be using
it across the application.<br />
To achieve reusable views partial views are created.<br />
It is light weight.<br />
<br />
Strongly Typed Views<br />
<br />
It is used for rendering specific types of model.<br />
It inherits from ViewPage (T --> Type of the model)<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>What is master page?</b><br />
Master Page is used in web application<br />
We can say master page as a template for the other pages in our project.<br />
For creating a constant look and feel for all our pages in web application.<br />
It acts as a placeholder for the other pages or content.<br />
If a user makes a request to a webpage it merges with masterpage and will
provide the output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">How to do JavaScript
client side validation? Why we do validation at client side?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">The below code is to do client side validation</span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt;"> <br />
function samplejavascript()<br />
{<br />
alert('Hello World');<br />
}
</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">In order to increase the performance of web
application and to avoid post backs. So validation are done at client side. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What are
limitations of Open XML?</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">OpenXML in SQL haS the limitation of storing
values upto 8000 characters only </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is
difference between a.equals(b) and a==b?</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">“==” --> It compares reference </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">"Equals" --> It compares object by
VALUE.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is
Nuget?</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is Visual Studio extension and a opens ource
project</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">By using Nuget we can easily add,update and
remove libraries in Visual Studio Projects.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">When you add or remove a library it
copies/removes necessary files to your application.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is a quick way to add reference to our
application.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If I want
to do debugging in Jquery then which library I need to add in my project?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">To debug jQuery code in IE using Visual Studio
debugger.Add the keyword "debugger" where you want to debug</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: 'Courier New'; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
function samplejavascript()<br />
{<br />
debugger;<br />
alert('Hello World');<br />
}<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Have you used any collections in C#? What is the
purpose of using it?</span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Yes i have used collection in c#.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is uses the namespace
"System.Collection".</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is a specialized class for data storage and
retrieval.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is type safety and increases performance. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Commonly used collections are</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">a.ArrayList </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">b.Hashtable </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">c.SortedList </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">d.Stack</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">e.Queue </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">f.BitArray</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">How to
find whether data is stored in stack or its in heap?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Both are stored in the computer’s RAM (Random
Access Memory)</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Value types are stored in stack and stored in
sequential (LIFO).</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Objects are stored in Heap and data are stored
randomly </span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">some additional points:-</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Stack is much faster than heap. It’s because of
the memory allocation.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">When it wants to allocate memory it moves up in
Stack</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">How to
use satellite assemblies? Have you ever thought of using it in your project?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">If we want to write multilingual/multicultural
app and want to have it separated from your</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">main application. Those are called satellite
assemblies. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">An assembly which is containing culture
information is called satellite assemblies. </span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is
publisher subscriber model? Any design pattern can be implemented for it?</span></b><span style="background: white;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">It is also called as Observer design pattern.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) is the
best example for this model.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">The user can publish a Service and it can be
consumed by many clients at the end point.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">The Publisher gives the data to the clients who
have subscribed to their methods.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-55520639769242120192014-10-30T09:15:00.002-07:002014-10-30T09:15:59.472-07:00 C# Interview Questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="background: white;">What is the difference between IEnumerable and IQueryable?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">IEnumerable and
IQuerable are used to query data from database and collections. The IEnumerable
is basically inherited from IQueryable, so it’s having all the features of the
IQueryable in addition to its own features. Both have its own importance to
query data and data manipulation<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">S.No IEnumerable
IQueryable</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">1. Exists in
System.Collections Namespace Exists in System.Linq Namespace</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">2. Can move to
forward only in the collection. Can move to forward, backward or in between the
items.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">3. Best for
collection like List, Array or in-memory collection Best for the collections
which is out memory like services, remote databases etc<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">4. Suitable for
LINQ to Object and Linq to XML queries. Suitable for Linq to SQL queries</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">5. It doesn’t
supports custom query, Lazy loading so it’s not good for paging scenarios. It
supports custom query using CreateQuery and Execute methods. Also support lazy
loading so good for the paging scenarios.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">6. The extension
methods which supports be IEnumrable takes the functional objects as the
parameters. The extension methods which supports be IEnumrable takes the
expression tree expressions as the parameters.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">What is
cross site scripting? (XSS)</span><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Cross-site
scripting is the way to attacks and inserts the vulnerabilities in Web page.
This attack is injected by client-side code. The script which is injected by
the client can embed itself in response data. The response data which send back
to the malicious user. The browser can’t recognize the scripts as it is
responded from the trusted source.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">The cross-site
scripting attacks also work on the HTTP and HTTPS.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">There are 2 ways to
prevent the cross site scripting attack:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">a. Constrain input-
Validate the input length, type, formatting, range etc.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">b. Encode output-
Send the input data with encode e.g. Encode to HTML</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">To prevent the
cross-site attack, we can set the below attributes in web.config file:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">If I want
to see my website similar in all the browsers then what I need to do for that?</span></b></span><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">If you want to see
the website with the same look and feel then you need to write the common css
style which should be same for all browsers. Actually every browser will not
support every css elements so it is not possible to use the same css to support
all the browsers. You need to write the common css elements in the file and
then apply it across the website. Else you need to write the separate css file
as per the browser.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">If say 1 Lac users are using any particular website then what
you will do to prevent crashing of server? Which care you will take at the time
of coding?</span></b><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">There are the ways
like we can have multiple servers to handle the requests from the users. In
this, we can have the Web Gardening concept where we can have the multiple web
servers and then one main server to handle the number of requests and switch
the requests to other servers.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Why to use design patterns?</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Design Pattern is
the way to solve the recurring problems which occur during the designing of the
applications. As the requirements increases, the projects becomes complex and
due to the complexity, it’s difficult to maintain it.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">With the help of
design patterns, we can reduce the complexity and with the help of OOPs
paradigm, we can make our applications more efficient in all the ways.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">According to the
GoF (Gang of Four) company, the Design Patterns can be classified to 3 ways:-</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Creational Design
Pattern</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Behavioral Design
Pattern</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Structural Design
pattern</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">If I have a class C and two interfaces I1 and I2 and I have
add method inside I1 and I2 then how to specify which one has to be called?</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">By using the
explicit implement interface, we can implement the same method which is defined
in both the interfaces.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Garbage collection uses which type of algorithm?
How it will find which object is unused?</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Mark-And-Release is
the algorithm which the garbage collection uses to reclaim the memory of the
unreferenced objects which are no longer used.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">The algorithm
Mark-and-Release work in 2 steps:-</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">a. In the first
steps, it marks all the accessible objects of the heap memory. This is called
as mark phase.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">b. In the second
step, scan the heap and reclaim all the unmarked objects by the Garbage
Collection algorithm. This step is called as sweep phase.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">What is
the difference between out and ref?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Ref and Out are the
parameters which are used in the methods. [ ref] and [out] both allow the
called method to modify a parameter. The difference between them is what
happens before you make the call.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• [ref] means that
the parameter has a value on it before going into the function. The called
function can read and or change the value any time. The parameter goes in, then
comes out</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• [out] means that
the parameter has no official value before going into the function. The called
function must initialize it. The parameter only goes out.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">So the main
difference between the ref and out parameters is that the out parameter doesn’t
need to be initialized while the ref parameter must be initialized before
passing to the function.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Is it
possible to use more than one out parameter?</span></b><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">As we know that the
method always returns a single value but by using the out parameter, we can return
multiple values from the method or function.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">In C# we can write
the small code snippet which will describe to return the multiple values using
the out parameters:</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">We can also use the
struct which will contain the multiple values as the return:</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">There is another
way to return multiple values like using Tuple class (newly introduces in .Net
4.0). The tuple class can return the object which can contain multiple values
in it.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Is it possible to use .js files used under script will be in
body and not in header? Why?</span></b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">The .js file is used in header because first the
.js file should be loaded to the application and then rest of the content
should be load.</span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><b><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What are delegates?</span></b><span style="color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">Another useful
innovation of C# language is called delegates which basically serve the same
purpose as function pointers in C++. However, delegates are type-safe, secure
managed objects. That means run-time guarantee that a delegate point into a
valid method.</span></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">What are multicast delegates?</span></span></b><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">Multicast Delegates
one of the special feature of delegates that a single delegates may encapsulate
into more than one method. Multicast delegates are the sub set of
System.Multicast Delegates.</span></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">There are following
example of Multicast Delegates<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">delegate Void Your
MultiDelegates (int a,int b)</span></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<span style="background: white;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: auto; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;">Youy can add
Multicast Delegates by using "+ ="sign assignment operators like
YourMethod += new yourMulticastDelegates(Addition);</span></span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-65537274218724169892014-10-30T07:18:00.002-07:002014-10-30T07:18:04.516-07:00Interview questions in C#, ASP.Net, MVC and SQL Server for 2+ Years’ Experience<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="color: #3366aa; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interview questions in C#, ASP.Net, MVC and SQL Server for 2+ Years’ Experience</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br /></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
<b><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><b><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">why we used Inheritance. What is the benefit
of this?</span></b><br />
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Inheritance is a way to inherit the base class
members to the child class so that we can save lot of memory.</span><br />
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">let's say, if you are already having some
properties defined in the base class and then if you are inheriting this base
class to the child class, the extra memory need not to be wasted to declare the
base class members again. While inheriting, automatically they will be
inherited.</span><br />
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Example: </span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
class Mybase<br />
{<br />
int i, j;<br />
float z;<br />
}<br />
class MyChild: Mybase<br />
{<br />
// no need to declare again the above
variables<br />
// as they will be automatically
inherited.<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">As we need not to declare the variables again in
the child class, so we have saved here 4 + 4 + 8 = 16 bytes of memory for the
child class.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Main usage of inheritance is 'Re-usability'. No
need to declare variables, methods again... If u wants, then use them from base
class. It reduces your code from complexity. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Why C# does not support Multiple Inheritance. </span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Multiple Inheritances is the situation in which
when there are 2 base classes and a single child class is trying to inherit the
members from both of them then there is the confusion that which base class
member should be inherited?</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">e.g.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
class MyClass1<br />
{<br />
public void Show()<br />
{<br />
// something<br />
}<br />
}<br />
class MyClass2<br />
{<br />
public void Show()<br />
{<br />
// something else<br />
}<br />
}<br />
class MyChildClass: MyClass1, MyClass2<br />
{<br />
// not possible<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Due to this, the architecture of .Net or the framework
doesn't support such situation and will throw the compile time error.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">In C++, it is possible because there both the
methods in the different base classes will have the different memory location
and object will be accessed through the memory location. But in Java or .Net
the object accessed through the class members objects.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is quite difficult to implement multiple inheritances
in C#. But we can do this through Interfaces. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Why we used virtual keyword.</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">If we want to override the members of the base
class, we can make them as virtual. The virtual members have the capability to
override them in the child class. If they are not overridden, the base class
implementation will be executed.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It is not the mandatory to override the virtual
class members.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Example:</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
class MybaseClass<br />
{<br />
public virtual void Show()<br />
{<br />
Console.WriteLine("hey..I am in
base class");<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
class MyChild: MyBaseClass<br />
{<br />
public override void Show()<br />
{<br />
Console.WriteLine("hey..I am in
child class");<br />
}<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">The preference will be given to child class
always.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
public static void Main(string[] args)<br />
{<br />
MyChild objChild = new MyChild();<br />
objChild.Show(); // child class method
will be called.<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">If a base class method needs to be overridden,
it is defined using the keyword virtual (otherwise the sealed keyword is used
to prevent overriding). </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">If my base class does not have virtual
keyword but both class have same method, parameter and return type. Then what
will happen. Base class method will be called or only child class method will
called.<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">By default the preference will be given to child
class. The child class method will be called always. If you want to call the
base class method, then you need to use the base keyword like base.MethodName()</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What are events and actions in c#.</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Events are the objects which are blinded with
the particular action. Whenever an action happens, an event fires. Like button
click event. The action is click and event is Button_Click which is attached
with the event handler to do the particular action and get the result.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is user define function in SQL or what
are the user define function available in SQL.</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">There are 2 types of functions in SQL Server-</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">1. Inline functions</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">2. Tabular functions</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Inline functions gives the result as a single
value while the tabular functions return the multiple values like a table.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Both of these types of function can be created
as user defined. Means we can create our own function which can be inline or
Tabular by using their syntax.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Create function <br />
return int[/Table]<br />
as<br />
Select FirstName+ LastName from Emp where EmpId = 101;<br />
Create Function <br />
return Table<br />
as<br />
Select * from Emp;<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b><span style="background: white;">If we have one Master Page , one aspx page
and one ascx page then which one will called 1st while page_load event and
which one called 1st while page_Unload event.</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">If the content page contains the user controls
then below will be the calling route-</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Master Page Load event --> Content Page Load
event --> User control page Load event</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">While unloading:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Content page Unload --> user control unload
--> Master page unload event</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is Indexers and please give the
description with example.</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Indexer is the objects which don’t need to be
initialized and we can use them as it is for the storing and retrieving the
data in to pages. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Indexer is represented as []. So we can use them
in Session, Application types of objects when keeping the state management
data.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Example:</span><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
ViewState["UserName"] = txtUserName.Text;<br />
Session["UserName"] = txtUserName.Text;<br />
Application["UserName"] = txtUserName.Text;</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">To retrieve these data, we can simply type cast
them as :</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
lblUserName.Text = ViewState["UserName"] as string;<br />
lblUserName.Text = Session["UserName"] as string;<br />
lblUserName.Text = Application["UserName"] as string;</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Here you can see that there is no need to create
object of the indexers. Directly we can retrieve the data.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What are indexes in Database? How many types
of Indexes in SQL Server</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Indexing is used to increase the performance of
a query, instead of performing the entire table scan the query uses the index
to execute the query.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">There are five types of indexes in the SQL
Server database:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">1. Clustered Index</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">2. Non-Clustered Index</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">3. Keyset Index</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">4. Default Index</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">5. XML Index</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">One thing here to remember that the Indexes
retrieves the data by using the Binary tree formats.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">1. Clustered Index: - </span></b><span style="background: white;">Those indexes which can be maximum 1 per table and
they will be the key to retrieve the data. The clustered indexes retrieve the
data in the B-Tree format and improve the performance of the retrieval from the
table.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Example: There are 1000 records in the table and
the user want to retrieve the 234th record. Without index, the table scan will
compare the record in whole table to get the matched record. So for the 1000
records, it will match for 999 times. If it found the records in the beginning,
then also it will search the whole table.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">When using the index, the below process will
occur for the searching of 234th record:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">1. It will take the 234th record as the root and
compare the table by partitioning it in to two parts.1-500 and 501-1000</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">2. Then it compares with the left and right and
then it will found that 234 is less than 500 so leave the right part. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">3. Now comparing will happen for the 1-250 and
then 250-500. For this, it will check that 234 will come in the 1-250 range so
leave the other part.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">4. Now the comparison will be 1-125 and
126-250...and so on...</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">So if you calculate the total comparison it will
be hardly 8-9. So we have reduces almost 990 comparison to improve the
performance.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">In Clustered index, the actual data exists at
the leaf root of the B-tree and it searches the data directly.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">2. Non-Clustered Index: -</span></b><span style="background: white;"> it searches the data in B+ tree format where the
leaf node contains the memory location of the data. Once it gets the actual
memory location, by using the reference it retrieve the actual data. There can
be more than one Non-Clustered indexes per table. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">There can be 249 non-clustered index (in SQL
Server 2005) and 999 non-clustered index (SQL Server 2008).</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">3. Keyset Indexes: -</span></b><span style="background: white;"> Only keys are stored and not the actual data. The
search will happens based on the key. Once the key found, it searches the
complete data for the key. So it’s faster than all the indexes.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">4. Default Index: -</span></b><span style="background: white;"> When the primary is added to the table, by
default the index gets created called as Default Index.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">5. XML index: -</span></b><span style="background: white;"> When the index is created on the XML column, the
index is called as the XML index. This type of index gets introduces since SQL
Server 2005 version. XML type column is supported since SQL Server 2005.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Why we use Interface.</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Interface is a way to use the global
functionality throughout the application. If your application requires many
unrelated object types to provide certain functionality then you go for
interfaces.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">It defines a contract between the application
and the object. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Let's suppose we want to Show the data or Print
the data in many pages of the application, we can create an Interface which
will contain the Abstract method and in the page where we want, we can
implement it as per our requirements.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Example:</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">interface inf<br />
{<br />
void Print(); // abstract method<br />
}<br />
internal class MyClass: inf<br />
{<br />
public void Print()<br />
{<br />
// functionality to print to PDF
document<br />
}<br />
}<br />
internal class MyTest: inf<br />
{<br />
public void Print()<br />
{<br />
// functionality to print to tiff
document<br />
}<br />
}<br />
internal Class MyTest: inf<br />
{<br />
public void Print()<br />
{<br />
// functionality to print to .jpg
format <br />
}<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">We can see here we have separate classes and the
implementation of the Print method is different without making any changes in
our interface.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">So if we want to implement something global, we
can use the Interface, for local or limited to class, we can use the abstract
class.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Why we use Method Overloading</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">To reduce the memory and the good readability,
we use the Overloading. This is the concept where we can have the same method
name for similar work with different behavior.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Let's say we want to get the Database connection
based on the provider name to connect with different databases, we can use the
overloaded methods like:</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
public string GetConnectionString()<br />
{<br />
// return default connection string<br />
}<br />
public string GetConnectionString(string provider)<br />
{<br />
// return connection string based on
provider name<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b><span style="background: white;">Why we use Method Overriding</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Method overriding is the concept where we can
use the same method in parent as well as in child class to reduce the memory
and use the similar behavior. If we don't want to change the behavior, we need
not to override it. So to make the changes in the behavior, we use the
overriding.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is the difference between Abstraction
and Encapsulation?</span></b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Encapsulation is the biding and hiding of the
data while Abstraction is to get the essential information from the raw data.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Example: Encapsulation</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
class Test<br />
{<br />
private string _name;<br />
public string Name<br />
{<br />
set _name= value;<br />
return _name;<br />
}<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Here the _name is the private which is not
accessible so hiding the data. All the data will be binded to the private
variable as per the statement</span></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">set _name= value;</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">This property will be accessed by the public
member called Name. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">So Binding and hiding means encapsulation.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Abstraction is done by using the abstract class
where we can have abstract and non-abstract members. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Whenever we are having the abstract members, we
need to implement it/override them in the child class to use them.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
class MyBaseClass<br />
{<br />
public abstract void Displaye();<br />
}<br />
class MyChildClass: MyBaseClass<br />
{<br />
public override void Display()<br />
{<br />
// do something<br />
}<br />
}</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Here the essential things are the abstract
method which must be overridden. If we add any number of non-abstract methods,
the child class won’t care. So getting the essential information is
Abstraction.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">In which case we can use Abstract class in
our project.<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Abstract class is always used when we have the
limited scope or the objects are of similar types. </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Example: Let’s suppose we want to get the area
of few objects. This is not the global where we need to do.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">So we can create the abstract method to
calculate the area and then according to shape, we can override them. So here
the scope is limited and will not be used throughout the application.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Hence we can use the abstract class.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="background: white;">What is the difference between Array List and
Ilist.</span></b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><span style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">IList</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> is an interface for the
implementing the List collection.<br />
As the List is the generic so we can use it to restrict the type of the
list e g.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
List objList = new List ();<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
It means, the List object is restricted to the int. We can't insert here any
type of data in to list. Only the int is permitted.<br />
ArrayList is the collection where we can insert any type of data as:</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <br />
ArrayList objArrayList = new ArrayList();<br />
objArrayList.Add("Hello");<br />
objArrayList.Add(1);<br />
objArrayList.Add("Sure");<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
The ArrayList will not check the type in the compilation of the program.<br />
<br />
<b>What is difference between internal class and sealed class?</b><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
internal class object can be used with-in the assembly and not outside of the
assembly. These classes can be inherited.<br />
Sealed classes are those classes which doesn't need anything from outside.
These are full classes.<br />
These classes can't be extended.<br />
<br />
</span><b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Public void show (int x, string y)<br />
public void show(string x , int y)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Is this method overloading or what is it?</span></b><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
No, this is not the method overloading because, their signatures are not same<br />
Signature= Method Name + Argument types</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Show(int, string)<br />
Show(string, int)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Both signatures are different. So not overloading methods.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>public void show(int x , string y)<br />
public void show(string x , int y)<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
<b>Is this method overloading or what is
it?</b><br />
it is method overloading. As per method overloading the method should differ<br />
- type of parameters<br />
- Order of parameters<br />
- number of parameters<br />
<br />
<b>what is the difference between Remoting and web service.</b><br />
Remoting is the concept of calling the remote interfaces like communication
with the heterogeneous applications but both should be developed using the same
.Net language.<br />
For the client and server communication, we use the Remoting.<br />
Remoting is the platform dependent so both the client and server must be built
in .Net Technology and both the systems should use the CLR.<br />
Web-service is small logic which runs on the internet. It is used for the
heterogeneous applications and consumes the service in any application. It is
platform independent so no need to have the CLR or .net framework to be
installed on the machines. C++ web service can be consumes in .Net application.<br />
<br />
<b>Can we use viewstate in MVC.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ViewState cannot be used in MVC. There is no concept of
ViewState in the MVC as it is not required. The MVC views are not having
anything server side code so the view only be rendered and not loaded.<br />
To pass the data from one page to another, we can use the ViewBag.<br />
<br />
The reason we use MVC is to separate business logic from your view or UI and
the site should be easily testable.<br />
ViewState mixes your business logic with your UI, while MVC separates the
Business Logic from the UI.<br />
Hope they will be useful to all of us.</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-63851658111185587162014-10-29T07:08:00.002-07:002014-10-29T07:25:17.630-07:00SharePoint interview questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What is SharePoint?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
SharePoint is an Enterprise Information Portal, from Microsoft, that can be
configured to run Intranet, Extranet and Internet sites. Microsoft Office
SharePoint Server allows people, teams and expertise to connect and
collaborate. A SharePoint enterprise portal is composed of both SharePoint
Portal and Windows SharePoint Services, with SharePoint being built upon WSS (Windows
SharePoint Services). WSS is typically used by small teams, projects and
companies. SharePoint Server is designed for individuals, teams and projects
within a medium to large company wide enterprise portal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /><b>
What is the relationship between Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server and
Microsoft Windows Services?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Microsoft SharePoint Products and Technologies (including SharePoint Portal
Server and Windows SharePoint Services) deliver highly scalable collaboration
solutions with flexible deployment and management tools. Windows SharePoint
Services provides sites for team collaboration, while Share Point Portal Server
connects these sites, people, and business processes-facilitating knowledge
sharing and smart organizations. SharePoint Portal Server also extends the
capabilities of Windows SharePoint Services by providing organizational and
management tools for SharePoint sites, and by enabling teams to publish
information to the entire organization.<br />
<br /><b>
What is a SharePoint Feature? What files are used to define a feature?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
A SharePoint Feature is a functional component that can be activated and
deactivate at various scopes throughout a SharePoint instances, scope of which
are defined as<br />
1. Farm level 2. Web Application level 3. Site level 4. Web level<br />
Features have their own receiver architecture, which allow you to trap events
such as when a feature is<br />
Installing, Uninstalling, Activated, or Deactivated.<br />
<br />
The element types that can be defined by a feature include<br />
menu commands, link commands, page templates, page instances, list definitions,
list instances,<br />
event handlers, and workflows.<br />
<br />
The two files that are used to define a feature are the feature.xml and
manifest file (elements.xml). The feature XML file defines the actual feature
and will make SharePoint aware of the installed feature. The manifest file
contains details about the feature such as functionality.<br />
<br />
<b><br />
Workflow can be applied to what all elements of SharePoint?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Workflow associations are often created directly on lists and libraries, a
workflow association can also be created on a content type that exists within
the Content Type Gallery for the current site or content types defined within a
list. In short, it can be applied ...<br />
At the level of a list/library<br />
At the level of a content type defined at site scope<br />
At the level of a content type defined at list scope<br />
<br />
• What are the types of input forms that can be created for a workflow?<br />
You can create four different types of input forms including<br />
1. An association form<br />
2. An initiation form<br />
3. A modification form<br />
4. A task edits form.<br />
<br />
Note that these forms are optional when you create a workflow template.<br />
<br /><b>
What are ways to create input forms for workflow?</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b>
Two<br />
1. You can create your forms by using custom application pages, which are
standard .aspx pages deployed to run out of the _layouts directory. (disadv:
lot of code required when compared to Infopath approach)<br />
2. Using Microsoft Office InfoPath 2007 (disadv: picks up a dependenct on MOSS,
i.e. it cannot run in a standalone WSS environment)<br />
<b><br />
What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Workflow?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
A method activity is one that performs an action, such as creating or updating
a task. An event activity is one that runs in response to an action occurring.<br />
<br /><b>
What are content types?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
A content type is a flexible and reusable WSS type definition (or we can a
template) that defines the columns and behavior for an item in a list or a
document in a document library. For example, you can create a content type for
a leave approval document with a unique set of columns, an event handler, and
its own document template and attach it with a document library/libraries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br />
Can a content type have receivers associated with it?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Yes, a content type can have an event receiver associated with it, either
inheriting from the SPListEventReciever base class for list level events, or
inheriting from the SPItemEventReciever base class. Whenever the content type
is instantiated, it will be subject to the event receivers that are associated
with it.<br />
<br /><b>
What two files are typically (this is kept generally) included when developing
a content type, and what is the purpose of each?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
There is generally the main content type file that holds things like the
content type ID, name, group, description, and version. There is also the
ContentType.Fields file which contains the fields to include in the content
type that has the ID, Type, Name, DisplayName, StaticName, Hidden, Required,
and Sealed elements. They are related by the FieldRefs element in the main
content type file.<br />
<br /><b>
What is an ancestral type and what does it have to do with content types?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
An ancestral type is the base type that the content type is deriving from, such
as Document (0x0101). The ancestral type will define the metadata fields that
are included with the custom content type.<br />
<br /><b>
Can a list definition be derived from a custom content type?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Yes, a list definition can derive from a content type which can be seen in the
schema.XML of the list definition in the element.<br />
<br /><b>
When creating a list definition, how can you create an instance of the list?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
You can create a new instance of a list by creating an instance.XML file<br />
<br /><b>
what is a Field Control?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Field controls are simple ASP.NET 2.0 server controls that provide the basic
field functionality of SharePoint. They provide basic general functionality
such as displaying or editing list data as it appears on SharePoint list pages.<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What base class does custom Field Controls
inherit from?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
This varies. Generally, custom field controls inherit from the
Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.BaseFieldControl namespace, but you can
inherit from the default field controls.<br />
<br /><b>
Can multiple SharePoint installs point to the same DB?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Multiple SharePoint installs can use the same database server. Not literally
the same database on that server. That server must be SQL Server 2000 or SQL
Server 2005. It cannot be Oracle or another vendor.<br />
<br /><b>
How to create links to the mapped network drives?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Creating links to mapped drives in WSS v3 or MOSS 2007 can be done via<br />
the new content type for .lnk files.<br />
<br /><b>
While creating a Web part, which is the ideal location to initialize my new
controls?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Override the CreateChildControls method to include your new controls. You can
control the exact rendering of your controls by calling the .Render method in the
web parts Render method.<br />
<br /><b>
What are the two base classes a WebPart you are going to use within SharePoint
2007 can inherit from?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
There are two base classes that a WebPart which is going to be consumed by
SharePoint can inherit from, either the<br />
SharePoint WebPart Base class<br />
or the<br />
ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart base class.<br />
When inheriting from the SharePoint WebPart Base class your derived WebPart
class will inherit from Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages.WebPart. When
inheriting from the ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart base class your derived WebPart class
will inherit from System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPart. It is considered
good practice to use the ASP.NET WebPart base class since the old base class is
meant for backwards compatibility with previous version of SharePoint, however
there are four exception when it is better to leverage functionality from the
SharePoint WebPart base class:<br />
Cross page connections<br />
Connections between Web Parts that are outside of a Web Part zone<br />
Client-side connections (Web Part Page Services Component)<br />
Data caching infrastructure<br />
<br /><b>
What are the differences between the two base classes and what are the inherit
benefits of using one over another?<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
The difference is the Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages.WebPart base class is
meant for backward compatibility with previous versions of SharePoint. The
benefit of using the SharePoint WebPart base class is it supported:<br />
Cross page connections<br />
Connections between Web Parts that are outside of a Web Part zone<br />
Client-side connections (Web Part Page Services Component)<br />
Data caching infrastructure<br />
ASP.NET 2.0 WebParts are generally considered better to use because SharePoint
is built upon the ASP.NET 2.0 web architecture. Inheriting from the ASP.NET 2.0
base class offers you features that inherit to ASP.NET 2.0, such as embedding
resources as opposed to use ClassResources for deployment of said types.<br />
<br /><b>
What is the WebPartManager sealed class? What is its purpose?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
The WebPartManager sealed class is responsible for managing everything
occurring on a WebPart page, such as the WebParts (controls), events, and misc.
functionality that will occur in WebPartZones. For example, the WebPartManager
is responsible for the functionality that is provided when you are working with
moving a WebPart from WebPartZone to WebPartZone. It is known as the “the
central class of the Web Part Control Set.”<br />
<br /><b>
What does AllowUnsafeUpdates do?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
If your code modifies Windows SharePoint Services data in some way, you may
need to allow unsafe updates on the Web site, without requiring a security
validation. You can do by setting the AllowUnsafeUpdates property.<br />
<b><br />
What does RunWithElevatedPrivileges do?<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
There are certain object model calls model that require site-administration
privileges. To bypass access-denied error, we use RunWithElevatedPrivileges
property when request is initiated by a nonprivileged user. We can successfully
make calls into the object model by calling the RunWithElevatedPrivileges
method provided by the SPSecurity class.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /><b>
What does SPWeb.EnsureUser method do?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Checks whether the specified login name belongs to a valid user of the Web
site, and if the login name does not already exist, adds it to the Web site.<br />
e.g SPUser usr = myWeb.EnsureUser("hitenders");<br />
<br /><b>
What is a SPSite and SPWeb object, and what is the difference between each of
the objects?<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
The SPSite object represents a collection of sites (site collection [a top
level site and all its subsites]). The SPWeb object represents an instance
SharePoint Web, and SPWeb object contains things like the actual content. A
SPSite object contains the various subsites and the information regarding them.<br />
<br /><b>
What does a SPWebApplication object represent?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
The SPWebApplication objects represents a SharePoint Web Application, which
essentially is an IIS virtual server. Using the class you can instigate high
level operations, such as getting all the features of an entire Web Application
instance, or doing high level creation operations like creating new Web
Applications through code.<br />
<br /><b>
Would you use SPWebApplication to get information like the SMTP address of the
SharePoint site?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
Yes, since this is a Web Application level setting. You would iterate through
each SPWebApplication in the SPWebApplication collection, and then use the
appropriate property calls (OutboundMailServiceInstance) in order to return
settings regarding the mail service such as the SMTP address.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>How do you return
SharePoint List items using SharePoint web services?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">In order to retrieve list items from a
SharePoint list through Web Services, you should use the lists.asmx web service
by establishing a web reference in Visual Studio. The lists.asmx exposes the
GetListItems method, which will allow the return of the full content of the
list in an XML node. It will take parameters like the GUID of the name of the
list you are querying against, the GUID of the view you are going to query,
etc.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Side Question: I got asked how I built queries
with the lists.asmx web service. In order to build queries with this service,
one of the parameters that the GetListItems method exposes is the option to
build a CAML query. There are other ways to do this as well, but that was how I
answered it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>When retrieving List items using SharePoint Web
Services, how do you specify explicit credentials to be passed to access the
list items?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">In order to specify explicit credentials with a
Web Service, you generally instantiate the web service, and then using the
credentials properties of the Web Service object you use the
System.Net.NetworkCredential class to specify the username, password, and
domain that you wish to pass when making the web service call and operations.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is CAML, and why would you use it?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">CAML stands for Collaborative Application Markup
Language. CAML is an XML based language which provides data constructs that
build up the SharePoint fields, view, and is used for table definition during
site provisioning. CAML is responsible for rending data and the resulting HTML
that is output to the user in SharePoint. CAML can be used for a variety of
circumstances, overall is used to query, build and customize SharePoint based
sites. A general use would be building a CAML query in a SharePoint WebPart in
order to retrieve values from a SharePoint list.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is impersonation, and when would you use
impersonation?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Impersonation can basically provide the
functionality of executing something in the context of a different identity,
for example assigning an account to users with anonymous access. You would use
impersonation in order to access resources on behalf of the user with a
different account, that normally, that wouldn’t be able to access or execute
something.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are WebPart properties, and what are some
of the attributes you see when declaring WebPart properties in code?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">WebPart properties are just like ASP.NET control
properties, they are used to interact with and specify attributes that should
be applied to a WebPart by a user. Some of the attributes you see with ASP.NET
2.0 properties are WebDescription, WebDisplayName, Category, Personalizable,
and WebBrowsable. Although most of these properties come from the
System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts class, ones like Category come out of
System.ComponentModel namespace.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Why are properties important in WebPart
development, and how have you exploited them in past development projects? What
must each custom property have?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Properties are important because WebParts allow
levels of personalization for each user. WebPart properties make it possible
for a user to interact, adjust, and increase overall experience value with the
programmatic assets that you develop without having the need to use an external
editor or right any code. A very simple example of exploiting a property would
be something like allowing the user to change the text on the WebPart design
interface so that they can display whatever string of text they desire.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Each custom property that you have must have the
appropriate get and set accessor methods.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are ClassResources? How do you reference
and deploy resources with an ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">ClassResources are used when inheriting from the
SharePoint.WebPart.WebPartPages.WebPart base class, and are defined in the
SharePoint solution file as things that should be stored in the wpresources
directory on the server. It is a helpful directory to use in order to deploy
custom images. In ASP.NET 2.0, typically things such as images are referenced
by embedding them as resources within an assembly. The good part about
ClassResources is they can help to eliminate recompiles to change small
interface adjustments or alterations to external JavaScript files.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is a SharePoint Solution File? How does it
differ from WebPart .cab files in legacy development? What does it contain?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">A SharePoint solution file is essentially a
.cabinet file with all a developers ustom componets suffixed with a .wsp
extension that aids in deployment. The big difference with SharePoint solution
files is is that a solution:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">allows deployment to all WFE’s in a farm</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">is highly manageable from the interface allowing
deployment, retraction, and versioning</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Can package all types of assets like site
definitions, feature definitions (and associated components), Webparts, etc.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Can provide Code Access Security provisioning to
avoid GAC deployments</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">And much more..</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is a .ddf file and what does it have to do
with SharePoint Solution creation?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">A .ddf file is a data directive file and is used
when building the SharePoint solution bundle specifying the source files and
their destination locations. The important thing for someone to understand is
that the .ddf file will be passed as a parameter to the MAKECAB utility to
orchestrate construction of the SharePoint solution file.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What file does a SharePoint solution package use
to orchestrate (describe) its packaged contents?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">The solution Manifest.XML file.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">What deployment mechanism can you use to
instigate Code Access Security attributes for your Web Parts?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">SharePoint solution files can add in order to
handle code access security deployment issues. This is done in the element in
the SharePoint solution manifest.XML, which makes it easier to get assemblies
the appropriate permissions in order to operate in the bin directory of the web
application.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are event receivers?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Event receivers are classes that inherit from
the SpItemEventReciever or SPListEventReciever base class (both of which derive
out of the abstract base class SPEventRecieverBase), and provide the option of
responding to events as they occur within SharePoint, such as adding an item or
deleting an item.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>When would you use an event receiver?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Since event receivers respond to events, you
could use a receiver for something as simple as canceling an action, such as
deleting a document library by using the Cancel property. This would
essentially prevent users from deleting any documents if you wanted to maintain
retention of stored data.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What base class do event receivers inherit from?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Event receivers either inherit from the
SPListEventReciever base class or the SPItemEventReciever base class, both
which derive from the abstract base class SPEventReceiverBase.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">If I wanted to not allow people to delete
documents from a document library, how would I go about it?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">You would on the ItemDeleting event set:
properties.Cancel= true.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">What is the difference between an asynchronous
and synchronous event receivers?</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">An asynchronous event occurs after an action has
taken place, and a synchronous event occurs before an action has take place. For
example, an asynchronous event is ItemAdded, and its sister synchronous event
is ItemAdding<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What are content types?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">A content type is a flexible and reusable WSS
type definition (or we can a template) that defines the columns and behavior
for an item in a list or a document in a document library. For example, you can
create a content type for a leave approval document with a unique set of
columns, an event handler, and its own document template and attach it with a
document library/libraries.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Can a content type have receivers associated
with it?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Yes, a content type can have an event receiver
associated with it, either inheriting from the SPListEventReciever base class
for list level events, or inheriting from the SPItemEventReciever base class.
Whenever the content type is instantiated, it will be subject to the event
receivers that are associated with it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What two files are typically (this is kept
generally) included when developing a content type, and what is the purpose of
each?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">There is generally the main content type file
that holds things like the content type ID, name, group, description, and
version. There is also the ContentType.Fields file which contains the fields to
include in the content type that has the ID, Type, Name, DisplayName, StaticName,
Hidden, Required, and Sealed elements. They are related by the FieldRefs
element in the main content type file.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is an ancestral type and what does it have
to do with content types?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">An ancestral type is the base type that the
content type is deriving from, such as Document (0x0101). The ancestral type
will define the metadata fields that are included with the custom content type.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Can a list definition be derived from a custom
content type?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Yes, a list definition can derive from a content
type which can be seen in the schema.XML of the list definition in the element.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>When creating a list definition, how can you
create an instance of the list?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">You can create a new instance of a list by
creating an instance.XML file</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">what is a Field Control?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Field controls are simple ASP.NET 2.0 server
controls that provide the basic field functionality of SharePoint. They provide
basic general functionality such as displaying or editing list data as it
appears on SharePoint list pages.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What base class does custom Field Controls
inherit from?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">This varies. Generally, custom field controls
inherit from the Microsoft.SharePoint.WebControls.BaseFieldControl namespace,
but you can inherit from the default field controls.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Can multiple SharePoint installs point to the
same DB?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Multiple SharePoint installs can use the same
database server. Not literally the same database on that server. That server
must be SQL Server 2000 or SQL Server 2005. It cannot be Oracle or another
vendor.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How to create links to the mapped network
drives?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Creating links to mapped drives in WSS v3 or
MOSS 2007 can be done via</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">the new content type for .lnk files.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>While creating a Web part, which is the ideal
location to initialize my new controls?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Override the CreateChildControls method to
include your new controls. You can control the exact rendering of your controls
by calling the .Render method in the web parts Render method.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What are ClassResources? How do you reference
and deploy resources with an ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart?</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">ClassResources are used when inheriting from the
SharePoint.WebPart.WebPartPages.WebPart base class, and are defined in the
SharePoint solution file as things that should be stored in the wpresources
directory on the server. It is a helpful directory to use in order to deploy
custom images. In ASP.NET 2.0, typically things such as images are referenced
by embedding them as resources within an assembly. The good part about
ClassResources is they can help to eliminate recompiles to change small
interface adjustments or alterations to external JavaScript files.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is a SharePoint Solution File? How does it
differ from WebPart .cab files in legacy development? What does it contain?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">A SharePoint solution file is essentially a
.cabinet file with all a developers ustom componets suffixed with a .wsp
extension that aids in deployment. The big difference with SharePoint solution
files is is that a solution:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">allows deployment to all WFE’s in a farm</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">is highly manageable from the interface allowing
deployment, retraction, and versioning</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Can package all types of assets like site
definitions, feature definitions (and associated components), Webparts, etc.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Can provide Code Access Security provisioning to
avoid GAC deployments</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">And much more..</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is a .ddf file and what does it have to do
with SharePoint Solution creation?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">A .ddf file is a data directive file and is used
when building the SharePoint solution bundle specifying the source files and
their destination locations. The important thing for someone to understand is
that the .ddf file will be passed as a parameter to the MAKECAB utility to
orchestrate construction of the SharePoint solution file.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What file does a SharePoint solution package use
to orchestrate (describe) its packaged contents?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">The solution Manifest.XML file.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What deployment mechanism can you use to
instigate Code Access Security attributes for your Web Parts?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">SharePoint solution files can add in order to
handle code access security deployment issues. This is done in the element in
the SharePoint solution manifest.XML, which makes it easier to get assemblies
the appropriate permissions in order to operate in the bin directory of the web
application.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are event receivers?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Event receivers are classes that inherit from
the SpItemEventReciever or SPListEventReciever base class (both of which derive
out of the abstract base class SPEventRecieverBase), and provide the option of
responding to events as they occur within SharePoint, such as adding an item or
deleting an item.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>When would you use an event receiver?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Since event receivers respond to events, you
could use a receiver for something as simple as canceling an action, such as
deleting a document library by using the Cancel property. This would
essentially prevent users from deleting any documents if you wanted to maintain
retention of stored data.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What base class do event receivers inherit from?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Event receivers either inherit from the
SPListEventReciever base class or the SPItemEventReciever base class, both
which derive from the abstract base class SPEventReceiverBase.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>If I wanted to not allow people to delete
documents from a document library, how would I go about it?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">You would on the ItemDeleting event set:
properties.Cancel= true.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the difference between an asynchronous
and synchronous event receiver?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">An asynchronous event occurs after an action has
taken place, and a synchronous event occurs before an action has take place.
For example, an asynchronous event is ItemAdded, and its sister synchronous
event is ItemAdding</span></span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02727861770430414500noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1336836312035373702.post-16121346748768044902014-10-29T07:03:00.002-07:002014-10-29T07:27:41.362-07:00sql server interview questions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What is the purpose of
an Index?</b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">An index is used when we need a bookmark for our
table. They are just used to speed up searches/queries. A table can only have
one Clustered index and up to 249 Non-Clustered Indexes.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Clustered Index:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">A clustered index physically sorts the data in a
table. The value of a clustered index is a key-value pair, where key is the
index key and value is the actual value.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">If you create a primary key in a table, a
clustered index is created by default.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Non- Clustered Index:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">A non-clustered index sorts the data logically
but not physically. The value of a non-clustered index is not the data but a
pointer to the data page. So, we can say a non-clustered index is dependent on
the clustered index. In the absence of clustered index, it refers a physical
location in the Heap for value.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is Difference between Stored procedure and
function?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">• Function has a return type but stored
procedure doesn't have a return type.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Stored Procedure supports IN/OUT/IN-OUT
Parameters while function supports only IN parameters.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Stored procedure can contain all the DML (Select,
update, insert, delete) statements but function can contain only select
statement.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Function can be called from a stored procedure
but stored procedure cannot be executed from a function.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• For Exception Handling, the stored procedure
can contain try---catch block but Function doesn't support try---catch block.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Function can be called in a SELECT statement
not a stored procedure.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What are the different types of joins you know?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">The different type of joins I know are:</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Inner Join, Outer Join and Self Join.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">I. Inner Join/Join:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">The First table and second table are matched row
by row. The result set contains only the matching records from both the tables,
unmatched rows are ignored. If the 2 tables have no matching records, then it
returns NULL.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">II. Outer Join: </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Outer join is of 3 types, such as: </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Left outer Join, Right outer Join, and Full
outer Join.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Left outer Join: </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">This join returns all the rows from the left
table along with the matching rows from the right table. If there are no
columns matching in the right table, it returns NULL values.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Right outer Join:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">This join returns all the rows from the right
table along with the matching rows from the left table. If there are no columns
matching in the left table, it returns NULL values.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Full outer Join: </span><br />
<span style="background: white;">null value when there is no It returns all the
rows from both the table when the conditions are met and returns match.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">III. Self-Join:<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">Joining the table itself called self-join. Self-join
is used to retrieve the records having some relation or similarity with other
records in the same table. Here we need to use aliases for the table to join 2
different column of the same table.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the maximum number of non-clustered
index that can be created by for a table?</b></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">249</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the difference between
"Having" and "Where" clause?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Having clause is a search condition like Where
clause but is used only for an aggregate (Avg, Sum, etc.) or Group By
statement.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">• Having can be used only in a Select statement
unlike Where clause which can be used in any DML Statement.</span><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What is the <span style="background: white;">Difference
between Primary Key and Unique Key?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">I. A table can have only one primary key column
but it can have more than one unique key columns. But the combination of the
columns must be having a unique value.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">II. Primary key cannot have a NULL value but a
Unique Key column can have only one NULL value.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">III. By default, primary key creates a clustered
Index whereas unique key creates a non-clustered Index.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Can a foreign key reference a non-primary key?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="background: white;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes, a foreign key can
actually reference a key that is not the primary key of a table. But, a foreign
key must reference a unique key.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">What is the Difference
between delete and truncate?</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">I. Delete command delete the rows from a table
row by row but truncate command delete all the rows from a table at one time.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">ii. TRUNCATE is much faster than DELETE.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">iii. You can’t rollback in TRUNCATE but in
DELETE you can rollback. TRUNCATE removes the record permanently.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">iv. TRUNCATE is a DDL command whereas DELETE is
a DML command.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">V. In case of TRUNCATE, Trigger doesn't get fired.
But in DML commands like DELETE .Trigger get fired.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">vi. You can’t use conditions (WHERE clause) in TRUNCATE.
But in DELETE you can write conditions using WHERE clause.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the Difference between Union and Union All?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">The only difference between UNION and UNION ALL
is the fact Union removes all the duplicate rows between 2 tables whereas Union
All returns all the values from both tables.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Performance wise Union All is faster than Union
as it requires some extra effort to eliminate the extra rows.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Union command is basically used to return all
related rows between 2 tables.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is different type of sub queries?</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="background: white;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A query nested inside
another query is called a sub query. The different types of sub queries are: </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">I. Single row sub query: Returns zero or one
row.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">ii. Multiple row sub query: Returns one or more
rows.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">iii. Multiple column sub query: Returns one or
more columns.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">iv. Correlated sub queries: Reference one or
more columns in the outer SQL statement. The sub query is known as a correlated
sub query because the sub query is related to the outer SQL statement.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">v. Nested sub queries: Sub queries are placed
within another sub query.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="background: white;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>What is SQL Server?</b></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Microsoft SQL Server is a Relational Database
Management System (RSBMS) produced by Microsoft. It's primary query language
Transact-SQL, an implementation of the ANSI/ISO standard Structured Query
Language (SQL) used by both Microsoft and Sybase.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the difference between VARCHAR and NVARCHAR?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">VARCHAR is a variable length string of ASCII
characters, which take one Byte of space. Whereas, NVARCHAR is a variable
length string of UNICODE characters, which take two Bytes of space.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">b) The maximum size of VARCHAR columns is 8,000
characters. Whereas, the maximum size of NVARCHAR columns is 4,000 characters.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">c) NVARCHAR requires 1 byte to represent a
character. Whereas, VARCHAR requires 2 bytes to represent a character.</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">c) NVARCHAR supports wider range of characters
than VARCHAR.</span><br />
<b><br />
<span style="background: white;">How to query the database to get all the Table
names?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT * FROM information_schema.tables where
Table_type='BASE TABLE';</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE type='u';</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How to query the database to get all the Stored
Procedure names?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE type='p';</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How to query all the column names of a table?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT * FROM syscolumns WHERE
object_name(syscolumns.id)='Tblzone';</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How to query all the column names, data types
and length of a table?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT syscolumns.name "Column Name",
systypes.name "Type", syscolumns.length "Length" FROM
syscolumns, systypes WHERE object_name(syscolumns.id)='TblStudent' AND
systypes.usertype=syscolumns.usertype;</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.columns where
table_name='TblSupportCall'</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>How to select all the current databases in SqlServer?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT name FROM master..sysdatabases</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT CATALOG_NAME AS DataBaseName FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">EXEC sp_databases</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">EXEC sp_MSForEachDB 'SELECT ''?'' AS
DatabaseName'</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">EXEC sp_MSForEachDB 'Print ''?'''</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Write and SQL query to retrieve the 2nd highest
salary from the EMP table</b>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT TOP 1 salary<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">FROM (</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT DISTINCT TOP 2 salary<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">FROM employee</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">ORDER BY salary DESC) a<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<span style="background: white;">ORDER BY salary</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Or</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT MIN(mark)</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">FROM student</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">WHERE mark IN(</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT TOP 3 mark</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">FROM student</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">ORDER BY mark DESC)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Write a query to get the name of the employee
who is getting the highest salary from an employee table?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SELECT EmpName FROM Emp</span><br />
<span style="background: white;">WHERE Salary =(SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Emp)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>When do you get this error message "String
or Binary data would be truncated"?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">This error message appears when you try to
insert a string with more characters than the column can maximal accommodate.</span><br />
<b><br />
<span style="background: white;">Which TCP/IP port does SQL Server run on?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">SQL Server runs on port 1433 but we can also
change it for better security.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is SQL Inner Join?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Inner Join is used to retrieve only matching
data from two or more table.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is SQL Left Outer Join?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">It retrieves all the records from left most
table (irrespective of the condition specified) and retrieves only matching
records from the right most table and assigns NULL for unmatched fields.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is SQL Right Outer Join?</b></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">It retrieves all the records from right most
table (irrespective of the condition specified) and retrieves only matching
records from the left most table and assigns NULL for unmatched fields.
(Opposite to LEFT OUTER JOIN).</span><br />
<b><br />
<span style="background: white;">What is SQL Full Outer Join?</span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">It retrieves records from both the table
(irrespective of the condition) and for unmatched fields it assigns NULL.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b>Which TCP/IP port does SQL Server run on?<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><b><br /></b>
<span style="background: white;">SQL Server runs on port 1433 but we can also
change it for better security.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>From where can you change the default port?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"><b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">From the Network Utility TCP/IP properties. Port
number. Both on client and the server.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Can you tell me the difference between DELETE
& TRUNCATE commands?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Delete command removes the rows from a table
based on the condition that we provide with a WHERE clause. Truncate will
actually remove all the rows from a table and there will be no data in the
table after we run the truncate command.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Can we use truncate command on a table which is
referenced by FOREIGN KEY?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"><b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">No. We cannot use truncate command on a table
with Foreign Key because of referential integrity.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the use of DBCC commands?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"><b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">DBCC stands for database consistency checker. We
use these commands to check the consistency of the databases, i.e. maintenance,
validation task and status checks.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>Can you give me some DBCC command options? </b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">DBCC CHECKDB - Ensures that tables in the DB and
the indexes are correctly linked and DBCC CHECKALLOC - To check that all pages
in a DB are correctly allocated. DBCC SQLPERF - It gives report on current
usage of transaction log in percentage. DBCC CHECKFILEGROUP - Checks all tables
file group for any damage.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What command do we use to rename a DB?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"><b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">sp_renamedb 'oldname' , 'newname'<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;">Well sometimes sp_reanmedb may not work you know
because if someone is using the DB it will not accept this command so what do
you think you can do in such cases?<span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">In such cases we can first bring to DB to single
user using sp_dboptions and then we can rename that DB and then we can rerun
the sp_dboptions command to remove the single user mode.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What is the difference between a HAVING CLAUSE
and a WHERE CLAUSE?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"><b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Having Clause is basically used only with the
GROUP BY function in a query. WHERE Clause is applied to each row before they
are part of the GROUP BY function in a query.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="background: white;"><b>What do you mean by COLLATION?</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">Collation is basically the sort order. There are
three types of sort order Dictionary case sensitive, Dictionary - case
insensitive and binary.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
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